合同自由原则的限制及其与诚实信用原则的关系

发布时间：2018-08-04 09:27

【摘要】：正合同自由原则被誉为近代合同法一切制度的核心。它起源于罗马法,伴随资本主义的兴起而获得极大的发展,以《法国民法典》为代表的近代民商法将其奉为合同制度中至高无上的基本原则。然而,进入20世纪后(实际上这种趋势从19世纪末就开始了),合同自由原则受到越来越大的限制。与此同时,诚实信用原则等一般条款在现代合同法中崛起,其适用的结果使得合同制度中出现许多传统合同法理论无法推导出的责任形式,对于合同自由原则进行了全面的修正,其地位之尊,被誉为“帝王条款”。对于这一现象,有人惊呼为“合同的衷落”,甚至“合同的死亡”。笔者以为,现代合同法中合同自由原则的限制及其与诚实信用原则的关系,是合同法的一个基本理论问题。目前,我国正在制订统一的《合同法》,因此,探讨这个问题也不乏现实意义。
[Abstract]:The principle of freedom of contract is regarded as the core of all systems of modern contract law. It originated from Roman law and developed greatly with the rise of capitalism. The modern civil and commercial law represented by the French Civil Code regarded it as the supreme basic principle in the contract system. However, in the 20 th century (the trend began in the late 19 th century), the principle of freedom of contract is increasingly restricted. At the same time, the principle of good faith and other general clauses have emerged in the modern contract law, and the result of its application has led to many forms of responsibility which can not be deduced from the traditional contract law theory in the contract system. The principle of freedom of contract has been comprehensively amended, and its status is regarded as the "monarch clause". For this phenomenon, some people exclaim as "contract indifferent", even "contract death". The author thinks that the limitation of the principle of freedom of contract and the relationship between the principle of good faith and the principle of freedom of contract in modern contract law are a basic theoretical problem of contract law. At present, the unified contract Law is being formulated in China, therefore, there is no lack of practical significance to explore this problem.
【作者单位】：北京大学法律学系北京大学法律学系
【分类号】：D913

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