房屋租赁承租人权益保护问题研究

发布时间：2018-08-14 17:50

【摘要】：房屋租赁法律制度是我国民商法上的一个重要制度,其设计合理与否直接关系到租赁双方的权益。目前我国低收入家庭在社会中所占比例仍然很大,他们无力购买房屋只能采取租赁形式解决住房需要。由于房屋承租人往往处于经济上的弱势地位,其在房屋租赁中的权益更易受到侵害。承租人容易受到出租人的非法驱逐,导致其生活不稳定,同时也影响社会安定,因此应该对房屋承租人的权益给予特别的保护。目前我国房屋租赁方面的法律规定还比较粗糙,仍然存在许多和实践脱节的地方,对承租人权益保护的关注仍显不够。国内对承租人权益保护的研究侧重于从承租人的“优先购买权”,“买卖不破租赁”和“租赁权的物权化”方面考虑。而对承租人享有的一定条件下的优先续租权,对出租人合同解除权的限制,以及对押金的限制等方面研究的还不深入。本文将采用比较研究的方法,利用民商法和经济法的基本理论,对房屋租赁中承租人享有的权益,其易受到侵害的表现及其原因和如何对承租人给予保护进行逐一的分析。同时借鉴英美法中对承租人权益保护的先进经验来对我国房屋租赁方面的法律制度进行分析,指出目前我国法律对承租人权益保护的不足,并提出立法上的建议。目前我国房屋租赁实践中承租人支付押金的现象十分普遍,而目前的法律对押金的给付并无明确规定,导致实践中的押金给付往往过高,加重了承租人的负担使其利益受到损害。因此我国应借鉴国外先进经验对房屋押金进行必要的限制,以缓解承租人经济上的压力。我国法律明确规定了承租人的优先购买权,但对房屋承租人的优先承租权则未有规定。本文认为承租人也应该享有法定的优先承租权,其意义甚至比优先购买权更为重要。因为实践当中承租人购买房屋的
[Abstract]:The legal system of house lease is an important system in civil and commercial law of our country. Whether the design is reasonable or not is directly related to the rights and interests of both parties. At present, the proportion of low-income families in the society is still very large, they can not afford to buy a house but to take the form of leasing to meet the housing needs. Because the lessee is often in the weak position of economy, his rights and interests in the house lease are more vulnerable to infringement. The lessee is vulnerable to illegal eviction of the lessor, which leads to the instability of his life and also affects the social stability. Therefore, special protection should be given to the rights and interests of the lessee. At present, the laws and regulations of housing lease in our country are still rough, there are still many disjointed places with practice, and the attention to the protection of lessee's rights and interests is still insufficient. The domestic research on the protection of the lessee's rights and interests focuses on the consideration of the lessee's "preemptive right", "buying and selling unbroken lease" and "the real right of leasehold". However, the research on the priority of the lessee under certain conditions, the limitation of the lessor's right to rescind the contract, and the limitation of the deposit, etc. This article will adopt the method of comparative study, use the basic theory of civil and commercial law and economic law, analyze the expression and reason of the lessee's rights and interests in the house lease, and how to protect the lessee one by one. At the same time, drawing lessons from the advanced experience in the protection of lessee's rights and interests in Anglo-American law, this paper analyzes the legal system of housing lease in our country, points out the deficiency of the protection of lessee's rights and interests in our country's law at present, and puts forward some suggestions on legislation. At present, the phenomenon of lessee paying deposit is very common in the practice of house leasing in our country, but the current law has no clear stipulation on the payment of deposit, which leads to the overpayment of deposit in practice. The burden on the lessee was increased to the detriment of his interests. Therefore, our country should draw lessons from the advanced experience of foreign countries to restrict the house deposit so as to relieve the economic pressure of the lessee. The law of our country clearly stipulates the preemptive right of the lessee, but not the preemptive right of the house lessee. This paper holds that the lessee should also enjoy the legal preemption right, and its significance is even more important than the preemptive right. Because in practice, the lessee buys the house
【学位授予单位】：四川大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：D923

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