沉船沉物打捞清除若干法律问题研究
发布时间：2018-08-14 20:06
【摘要】：沉船沉物打捞清除课题长久以来一直未受到国内法学界的重视。究其原因，一是在国际上，无论是国际公约还是各国国内法，都没有一部完整的法律调整沉船沉物打捞清除关系；二是在国内，由于二十世纪八十年代前，沉船沉物事故一直没有造成严重的后果，故不为各位学者所关注。但近年来，随着船舶体积的增大及船载危险货物的增多，船舶沉没后给航行安全和环境保护带来的危害越来越大，而且为了打捞清除沉船沉物所需的费用也日益增加，如何解决这些新问题已成为海事立法者的主要任务之一。 本文是在笔者对我国主要的海事主管机关进行调研，收集了大量第一手资料的基础上写作而成。笔者通过调研，将现今沉船沉物打捞清除中存在的问题归纳如下：沉船沉物打捞清除的责任主体及他们之间的责任顺序、责任限制；沉船沉物打捞清除中各方当事人的法律关系；沉船沉物打捞清除费用的性质；沉船沉物打捞清除费用的受偿位次以及沉船沉物打捞清除费用实现的保障。对于这几个问题国内海商法学界尚无定论，有的问题在司法实践中甚至有截然相反的判决。为了解决以上问题，笔者首先比较分析了国际公约及各国国内法，，从中找到可资借鉴之处，再从我国现有的法律规定入手，探求以上问题在我国法律环境下的解决方案，继而进一步探讨该解决方案的利弊，然后阐明为了更好地解决以上问题，是否需要对我国法律环境中的相应方面进行修改。 通过本文的论述，笔者认为沉船沉物打捞清除中关系复杂、问题繁多，同时我国在有关沉船沉物打捞清除方面的立法还很不完善，许多问题亟待解决。我国在为沉船沉物打捞清除进行立法时，应多注重对实际问题的解决，同时多关注国际动态，在某些方面努力做到与国际步调保持一致，以妥善地处理现在沉船沉物打捞清除实践中存在的各种问题。
[Abstract]:For a long time, the problem of salvage and removal of sunken objects has not been paid much attention by the domestic legal circles. The reason for this is that there is no comprehensive law in the international community, whether in international conventions or in the domestic laws of various countries, to regulate the salvage and removal of sunken ships and sunken objects. Second, at home, before the 1980s, Shipwreck accident has not caused serious consequences, so it is not concerned by scholars. However, in recent years, with the increase of the volume of ships and the increase of dangerous goods carried by ships, the safety of navigation and environmental protection are more and more harmful after the sinking of ships, and the cost of removing sunken objects is also increasing day by day in order to salvage and remove sunken objects. How to solve these new problems has become one of the main tasks of maritime legislators. This paper is based on the author's investigation of the main maritime authorities in China and the collection of a large number of first-hand information. Through investigation and investigation, the author summarizes the existing problems in the salvage removal of sunken ship and object as follows: the main body of responsibility for salvage removal of sunken ship and the order and limitation of liability between them; The legal relationship of the parties involved in the salvage removal of sunken objects, the nature of the cost of salvage removal of sunken objects, the rank of compensation for the cost of salvage removal of sunken objects and the guarantee of the realization of the cost of salvage removal of sunken objects. There is no final conclusion on these issues in domestic maritime law circles, and some problems even have opposite judgments in judicial practice. In order to solve the above problems, the author first compares and analyzes the international conventions and the domestic laws of various countries, and finds out the reference points, and then, starting with the existing legal provisions of our country, explores the solutions to the above problems under the legal environment of our country. Then the advantages and disadvantages of the solution are further discussed, and then it is clarified that in order to solve the above problems better, it is necessary to modify the corresponding aspects of the legal environment of our country. Based on the discussion of this paper, the author thinks that the relationship between salvage and removal of sunken objects is complicated and the problems are various. At the same time, the legislation on salvage and removal of sunken objects in our country is not perfect, and many problems need to be solved urgently. When our country legislates for the salvage and removal of sunken objects, it should pay more attention to the solution of practical problems, at the same time pay more attention to international developments, and strive to keep in line with the international pace in some aspects. In order to properly deal with the existing problems in the practice of salvage and removal of sunken objects.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2004
【分类号】：D996.19
本文编号：2183977
[Abstract]:For a long time, the problem of salvage and removal of sunken objects has not been paid much attention by the domestic legal circles. The reason for this is that there is no comprehensive law in the international community, whether in international conventions or in the domestic laws of various countries, to regulate the salvage and removal of sunken ships and sunken objects. Second, at home, before the 1980s, Shipwreck accident has not caused serious consequences, so it is not concerned by scholars. However, in recent years, with the increase of the volume of ships and the increase of dangerous goods carried by ships, the safety of navigation and environmental protection are more and more harmful after the sinking of ships, and the cost of removing sunken objects is also increasing day by day in order to salvage and remove sunken objects. How to solve these new problems has become one of the main tasks of maritime legislators. This paper is based on the author's investigation of the main maritime authorities in China and the collection of a large number of first-hand information. Through investigation and investigation, the author summarizes the existing problems in the salvage removal of sunken ship and object as follows: the main body of responsibility for salvage removal of sunken ship and the order and limitation of liability between them; The legal relationship of the parties involved in the salvage removal of sunken objects, the nature of the cost of salvage removal of sunken objects, the rank of compensation for the cost of salvage removal of sunken objects and the guarantee of the realization of the cost of salvage removal of sunken objects. There is no final conclusion on these issues in domestic maritime law circles, and some problems even have opposite judgments in judicial practice. In order to solve the above problems, the author first compares and analyzes the international conventions and the domestic laws of various countries, and finds out the reference points, and then, starting with the existing legal provisions of our country, explores the solutions to the above problems under the legal environment of our country. Then the advantages and disadvantages of the solution are further discussed, and then it is clarified that in order to solve the above problems better, it is necessary to modify the corresponding aspects of the legal environment of our country. Based on the discussion of this paper, the author thinks that the relationship between salvage and removal of sunken objects is complicated and the problems are various. At the same time, the legislation on salvage and removal of sunken objects in our country is not perfect, and many problems need to be solved urgently. When our country legislates for the salvage and removal of sunken objects, it should pay more attention to the solution of practical problems, at the same time pay more attention to international developments, and strive to keep in line with the international pace in some aspects. In order to properly deal with the existing problems in the practice of salvage and removal of sunken objects.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2004
【分类号】：D996.19
【引证文献】
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2 于杰;国家主管机关海难救助法律问题研究[D];大连海事大学;2013年
相关硕士学位论文 前10条
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5 梁谷晨;沉船沉物打捞清除制度分析及责任主体的确定[D];上海海事大学;2007年
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7 曾娜;古沉船保护法律问题研究[D];西南政法大学;2010年
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9 刘志斌;海事强制清除打捞相关法律问题研究[D];大连海事大学;2013年
10 孙蕾;沉船强制打捞相关法律问题研究[D];大连海事大学;2013年
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