中国男子足球职业化进程中“假球”问题的社会学研究

发布时间：2018-12-24 11:05

【摘要】：1992年中国十四大的召开，确立了我国由市场经济取代计划经济的改革，作为市场经济组成部分之一，体育界也随之进行了相应改革。中国从决定足球走职业化道路至今已有20年的时间。在这20年中“假球”成为职业化道路中常见的恶性事件，这是由于改革的不彻底和法律法规建设不健全而导致的市场经济商业化运作混乱。政府部门与社会组织两种机构的管理体制混乱。主要表现在政府对社会组织的错位管理而产生的足球职业化中“假球”现象的顽疾。在发展中一系列体制问题和法律问题逐渐凸显出来，其中“假赌黑”成为足球顽疾的显著体现，，无论是从参与人数还是对事件的影响程度上“假球”在这些顽疾中又是最突出的。因此，就中国足球职业化进程中的“假球”问题的社会学研究对中国足球职业化进程和中国职业体育良性发展具有重要意义。本文主要运用文献法对中国足球职业化的“假球”问题从社会学角度对我国足球职业化中的俱乐部管理；国家政府部门对足球职业化的不合理干预；法律法规在规范足球行业的发展中的重要的地位进行了研究，并得出以下结论： 1.结合我国的社会特点，借鉴国外职业足球俱乐部管理制度方面先进的科学管理理念，以英国和意大利为榜样。用以改善我国在管理制度不健全，俱乐部内部因管理权利集中而造成的弊端。 2在我国职业足球俱乐部的监督管理层面，要设立行之有效的财务监督机制，克服有形式无实质的现状。 3政府相关部门、社会相关团体以及职业足球俱乐部要明确自身的职能所在，明确自己的权利和义务。政府相关部门要做好监督职责，社会相关部门要为联赛做好服务性工作。 4建立健全的足球职业化方向的法律法规，规范政府行为，规范相关民间组织行为和俱乐部行为。使体育法律法规与刑事法律法规、商法法律法规等等在衔接方面有更强的链接性。 5学术界和法律法界要通力合作，要给“假球”予以准确的定义，使足球从业人员了解这方面的知识，也使得再出现此类现象时给司法部门在证据认定上有更明确和更可靠的依据。 6要把普法教育落到实处并且有针对性，使足球从业人员在自身权利受到侵害时及时维护自己的权利不受侵害。做好防护措施，缩小受害者范围以及给官大群众造成的损失。
[Abstract]:The convening of the 14th National Congress of China in 1992 established the reform of the planned economy replaced by the market economy in our country. As one of the components of the market economy, the sports circle also carried on the corresponding reform. It has been 20 years since China decided that football should be professionalized. In the past 20 years, "match-fixing" has become a common vicious event in the road of professionalization, which is caused by the confusion of the commercial operation of the market economy caused by the incomplete reform and the imperfect construction of laws and regulations. The management system of government departments and social organizations is chaotic. This phenomenon is mainly reflected in the malposition of the government in the management of social organization and the obstinate phenomenon of "match-fixing" in football professionalization. In the course of development, a series of institutional and legal problems have gradually become prominent, among which "false gambling" has become a prominent manifestation of the stubborn disease of football. Match-fixing is the most prominent of these ills, both in terms of the number of participants and the extent to which events are affected. Therefore, the sociological research on the issue of "match-fixing" in the process of Chinese football professionalization is of great significance to the process of Chinese football professionalization and the benign development of Chinese professional sports. This article mainly uses the literature method to the Chinese football professionalization "match-fixing" question from the sociological angle to our country soccer professionalization club management, the national government department to the soccer professionalization unreasonable intervention; The important position of laws and regulations in standardizing the development of football industry has been studied, and the following conclusions have been drawn: 1. Combined with the social characteristics of our country, the advanced scientific management idea of foreign professional football club management system is used for reference, taking England and Italy as examples. In order to improve our country in the management system is not perfect, the club due to the concentration of management rights caused by the drawbacks. At the level of supervision and management of professional football clubs in China, it is necessary to set up an effective financial supervision mechanism to overcome the situation of form and no substance. (3) relevant government departments, social groups and professional football clubs should make their own functions clear and their rights and obligations clear. Relevant government departments should do a good job of supervision, social departments to do a good job in service for the league. (4) establishing sound laws and regulations of football professionalization, standardizing government behavior, and standardizing the behavior of relevant civil organizations and clubs. Make sports laws and regulations and criminal laws and regulations, commercial laws and regulations and so on in the connection has stronger link. (5) the academic and legal circles should work together to give a precise definition of "match-fixing" in order to make football practitioners aware of this knowledge. It also provides a clearer and more reliable basis for the judiciary to establish evidence when such phenomena occur again. (6) it is necessary to carry out the education of popularizing the law and aim at it, so that football professionals can safeguard their rights in time when their rights are infringed. Do a good job of protective measures, reduce the scope of victims and the damage caused to the large masses.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G843

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