烟草管制与公民权利的包容与界分

发布时间：2017-12-30 22:23

本文关键词：烟草管制与公民权利的包容与界分　出处：《环球法律评论》2012年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：毋庸置疑,对已沦为习俗的吸烟行为予以管制,必然会滋生侵犯公民权利方面之不妥,一般而言,其表现为与吸烟者行为自由权、烟商言论自由权、以及吸烟者与企业主财产权三方面存有冲突。我们经由对自由权本质属性的剖析可以明确,有碍他人健康之吸烟行为非属行为自由其类;同时,亦并非所有烟草宣传皆可归属言论自由权范畴,在烟控制度结构中,我们理应对烟草宣传保持"尊重与戒惧"的基本态度。另外,限制购买以及征收烟草税所造成的财产限制,事实上和一般意义上的财产权侵犯亦是有所差别的,购买香烟是一种特殊的财产支配情形,对其予以限制并不违背法经济学上的资源配置法则。最后,对企业主而言,单纯的获利机会、商业利益、赢利预估或期待并非属于财产权的保障范围。
[Abstract]:There is no doubt that the regulation of smoking, which has become a custom, will inevitably lead to violations of civil rights. Generally speaking, it is manifested in the freedom of conduct with smokers, the right to freedom of speech of smokers. By analyzing the nature of the right to freedom, we can make it clear that smoking behavior which is harmful to the health of others does not belong to the category of behavior freedom; At the same time, not all tobacco publicity can fall within the scope of the right to freedom of expression. In the structure of tobacco control, we should maintain a basic attitude of "respect and fear" towards tobacco publicity. Restrictions on purchase and the imposition of tobacco tax on property restrictions, in fact and the general sense of the infringement of property rights are also different, the purchase of cigarettes is a special situation of property control. To restrict it is not contrary to the law of resource allocation in law and economics. Finally, for business owners, pure profit opportunities, business interests, profit estimates or expectations do not belong to the protection of property rights.
【作者单位】：东南大学法学院;
【基金】：我国台湾地区中华发展基金项目资助江苏省研究生培养创新工程《烟草管制基本理论研究》的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D911
【正文快照】： 一烟草管制的权利冲突类型及问题的提出科学证据已经明确,烟草消费以及“二手烟”会造成死亡、疾病与残疾,〔1〕每年有超过430000人死于由吸烟引起的疾病,其致死数量高于谋杀、艾滋病、吸毒、火灾等行为。〔2〕但尽管如此,吸烟却同时又是最具可阻止性的死亡行为。〔3〕因此,

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