信息化时代个人信息的法律保护

发布时间：2018-01-19 00:15

本文关键词： 信息化个人信息个人信息权立法模式权利基础　出处：《上海社会科学院》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：21世纪,随着互联网的发展,人类社会迈入了信息化时代。信息作为一种新型的社会资源,给人们带来了巨大的财富,推动着社会政治、经济、文化的发展。然而,人们在享受信息科技带来的便捷的同时,个人信息安全也正面临着严峻的挑战。垃圾短信、诈骗电话等等充斥着我们的生活,个人信息被不当收集、恶意使用、泄露扰乱了人们的正常生活。这种种侵犯个人信息的行为不仅会给个人带来身心的伤害,更会导致公司企业名誉受损,业绩受创。在我国,虽然《宪法》、《民法通则》、《侵权责任法》、《刑事诉讼法》、《行政诉讼法》等都对我国个人信息的保护做了相关的规定,但是由于我国立法对个人信息的保护零散地分布在各部法律之中,并且缺乏专门的监督机构,使得个人信息的保护无法落到实处。然后,信息时代个人信息商品化是必然趋势,合理使用个人信息是政府制定经济方针、商家制定营销策略的一种有效手段。那么,个人信息的法律保护底线到底在何处?在互联网如此发达的时代,法律应该如何保护个人信息?我国应该如何制定一部及时有效的个人信息保护法?面对这些问题,笔者将从四个章节出发给出一些自己的思考。第一章介绍了个人信息的概念和侵权现状。在本章中,笔者对文中涉及的概念做了分析,介绍了个人信息的概念、特征、分类以及与之相关的概念的区分。并且例举了我国个人信息的侵权现状和个人信息保护的必要性,并指出《个人信息保护法》的制定刻不容缓。第二章介绍了信息化时代个人信息的权利基础及权利冲突。介绍了个人信息的“人格权说”、“所有权说”、“隐私权说”,提出了信息化时代我国个人信息所独具的新型权能——个人信息权,并提出了信息化时代新的权利冲突。第三章介绍了各国及国际组织关于个人信息保护的立法现状。分为国家和国际组织两类,国家部分为美国和德国,国际组织为欧盟。主要介绍了以美国为代表的“分散立法”和“行业自律”相结合的立法模式,以德国为代表的“统一立法”模式和以欧盟为代表的“综合立法”模式。第四章介绍了我国关于个人信息保护的现状和立法建议。笔者通过分析借鉴国外立法的先进之处,并结合我国的国情,从个人信息保护的立法模式、立法宗旨、基本原则、监督机构等方面做出了立法建议。
[Abstract]:In 21th century, with the development of the Internet, human society entered the information age. As a new type of social resources, information has brought great wealth to people, promoting social politics and economy. The development of culture. However, while people enjoy the convenience brought by information technology, personal information security is also facing a severe challenge. Spam messages, phone fraud and so on are full of our lives. Personal information is improperly collected, maliciously used, leaked and disturbed people's normal life. These violations of personal information will not only bring physical and mental harm to individuals, but also lead to corporate reputation damage. Performance suffers. In China, although "Constitution", "General principles of Civil Law", "Tort liability Law", "Criminal procedure Law", "Administrative procedure Law" and so on have made the related provisions to our country personal information protection. However, the protection of personal information in our legislation is scattered in the laws of the various departments, and there is a lack of special supervision agencies, so that the protection of personal information can not be implemented. Then. The commercialization of personal information in the information age is an inevitable trend. The rational use of personal information is an effective means for the government to formulate economic policies and businesses to formulate marketing strategies. Where is the bottom line of legal protection of personal information? In an age when the Internet is so developed, how should the law protect personal information? How should our country formulate a timely and effective personal information protection law? In the face of these problems, the author will give some thoughts from four chapters. The first chapter introduces the concept of personal information and the status quo of infringement. In this chapter, the author analyzes the concepts involved in the text, introduces the concept of personal information, characteristics. The classification and related concepts are distinguished. The present situation of personal information infringement and the necessity of personal information protection in China are illustrated, and it is pointed out that the establishment of personal Information Protection Law is urgent. The second chapter introduces the right basis and conflict of personal information in the information age. It introduces the "personality right theory", "ownership theory" and "privacy right theory" of personal information. This paper puts forward a new type of power of personal information in the information age-personal information right, and puts forward a new conflict of rights in the information age. The third chapter introduces the status of legislation on personal information protection of countries and international organizations. It is divided into two categories: national and international organizations, the state part is the United States and Germany. The international organization is the European Union. It mainly introduces the legislative model of the combination of "decentralized legislation" and "industry self-discipline", which is represented by the United States. Germany as the representative of the "unified legislation" model and the European Union as the representative of the "comprehensive legislation" model. Chapter 4th introduces the status quo and legislative suggestions of personal information protection in China. The author analyzes the advantages of foreign legislation and combines the situation of our country from the legislative model of personal information protection. Legislative purposes, basic principles, supervision agencies and other aspects of the legislative recommendations.
【学位授予单位】：上海社会科学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D921;D923;D925

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