宪法审查“忧虑”及方法寻求——合宪性推定之运用

发布时间：2018-01-25 00:17

本文关键词： 宪法审查方法合宪性推定　出处：《浙江学刊》2011年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：随着立法进程的不断推进,中国逐渐步入"后立法"时代。大量的立法离不开宪法审查功能的发挥,从而保证立法体系的完整性、统一性和有序性。由于宪法方法的缺失,导致社会中出现了宪法诉求"膨胀"、立法挑战不断、审查机构难以"完成"审查任务等诸多问题。虽然启动要件的设计对于消除"轻言违宪"等现象具有一定的效用,但也有自身的局限性。合宪性推定方法可以在很大程度上消解对于"轻言违宪"等现象带来的宪法审查"忧虑",在方法上尊重和保障诉权的同时,有效控制宪法案件的膨胀。中国宪法审查制度特有的"三位"审查权层级,可以结合合宪性推定方法,在制度和方法层面发挥各自独特的权能。
[Abstract]:With the continuous advancement of the legislative process, China has gradually entered the "post-legislation" era. A large number of legislation can not be separated from the function of constitutional review, thus ensuring the integrity of the legislative system. Unity and order. Due to the lack of constitutional methods, there is a "swelling" of constitutional demands and legislative challenges in society. It is difficult for the censor to "complete" the task of examination, although the design of the starting elements has a certain effect on eliminating the phenomenon of "unconstitutionality". But it also has its own limitations. The method of constitutionality presumption can to a large extent resolve the "worry" of constitutional review brought about by the phenomenon of "unconstitutionality", and respect and protect the right of action in the way. We can effectively control the expansion of constitutional cases. The "three persons" right of review in Chinese constitutional review system can combine with the presumption of constitutionality and exert their unique power at the level of system and method.
【作者单位】：北京大学;
【基金】：中国博士后科学基金项目(编号:20100470108)资助
【分类号】：D921
【正文快照】： 根据中国现行宪法的规定,全国人民代表大会和全国人民代表大会常务委员会有权监督宪法的实施,①因此从理论上来说,中国宪法审查的主体为全国人民代表大会及其常务委员会。但是由于全国人民代表大会必须依靠会期制度才能够有效运转,宪法审查功能的发挥在很大程度上要依靠作为常

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