我国转基因食品安全监管法律规制研究

发布时间：2017-12-27 01:22

本文关键词：我国转基因食品安全监管法律规制研究　出处：《兰州财经大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：转基因食品安全问题已备受公众关注。转基因食品一方面满足了人类的需求,但同样存在一定的风险。转基因食品不仅涉及人的身体健康,还涉及民族生存安全和国家经济安全。正因其特殊性,我们需要从转基因研发、生产、加工、销售等各个环节进行合理规制。一些发达国家在转基因食品的生产、加工、销售等环节的法律规制已相对成熟。从农场到餐桌的整个生产过程都有专门的立法支持。同时拥有专门的监管组织,相对完善的监管体制及监管的基本制度,这些制度涉及转基因技术的发明者、生产者、经营者、消费者以及国家之间的利益,予以维护生存安全、经济利益、社会公共利益。基于转基因食品安全的不确定性,从立法上来看,对转基因食品的态度主要有两种,一是严格禁止;二是允许发展,但严格监管。我国从目前的发展来看所持态度为后者,即谨慎原则下的中立态度。相比西方发达国家,我国在转基因食品的生产、加工、销售等环节的法律规制存在诸多不足,包括:现行的监管体系、检测标准、标识制度、信息公开制度、可追踪制度等还不完善;与转基因食品安全的相关法律责任不够明确。本文在借鉴国外经验的基础上,从我国国情出发,提出我国在转基因食品的研发、生产、加工、销售等环节的法律规制的完善建议。包括:统一转基因食品生产环节的检测标准、扩充标识的范围和内容、增加致敏性及阈值的规定、建立转基因食品的可追踪制度、信息公开制度、明确转基因食品安全的法律责任等。由于外文水平有限,对外文资料主要是间接吸收,主要是在国内研究的基础上提出上述建议。同时在转基因食品的损害赔偿责任的豁免、诉讼时效、证据收集、损害评估鉴定机构等方面的研究还有待深入。
[Abstract]:The safety of genetically modified food has been paid much attention by the public. Genetically modified foods, on the one hand, meet the needs of human beings, but there are also certain risks. Genetically modified food involves not only human health, but also national security and national economic security. Because of its particularity, we need to regulate all aspects of GM R & D, production, processing and sales. The legal regulation of some developed countries in the production, processing and selling of genetically modified food has been relatively mature. The whole process of production from the farm to the table has a special legislative support. At the same time have special supervision organization, supervision system and supervision system relatively perfect, between these systems involved in transgenic technology inventors, producers, operators, consumers and the interests of the state, to maintain the survival security, economic interests and social public interests. Based on the uncertainty of the safety of genetically modified foods, there are mainly two kinds of attitudes towards genetically modified foods, one is strict prohibition, the two is to allow development, but strict supervision. From the current development of our country, the attitude of the latter is the latter, that is, the neutral attitude under the principle of prudence. Compared with the western developed countries, our country in genetically modified food production, processing, marketing and other aspects of legal regulation has many problems, including: the current regulatory system, testing standards, labeling system, information disclosure system, traceability system is not perfect; and the legal responsibility of transgenic food safety is not clear. On the basis of drawing lessons from foreign experience and proceeding from China's national conditions, this paper puts forward suggestions for improving laws and regulations in the process of R & D, production, processing and marketing of GM foods. It includes: unified inspection standard of genetically modified food production links, expanding the scope and content of labels, increasing the regulations of sensitization and thresholds, establishing traceability system of genetically modified foods, information disclosure system, and defining the legal responsibilities of genetically modified foods. Because of the limited level of foreign language, the foreign language information is mainly indirect absorption, mainly on the basis of domestic research to put forward the above suggestions. At the same time, the research on the exemption of the liability for damages for genetically modified foods, the limitation of action, the collection of evidence, and the institution of assessment and appraisal of the damage assessment still need to be deepened.
【学位授予单位】：兰州财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.16

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