基于证据权法的矿集区地质环境评价研究

发布时间：2018-01-20 07:22

  本文关键词： 证据权法 定量评价 矿集区 地质环境 生态脆弱区　出处：《中国地质大学(北京)》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,随着青海省矿山开采活动的不断增多,矿山地质环境问题也随之增多。一方面,青海省特殊的自然条件使得该地区地质环境比较敏感,另一方面,局部高强度不合理的矿业活动又加剧了矿山地质环境问题的发生程度。为此,本文在文献资料综述、基础数据收集的基础上,结合研究区为生态脆弱区、地质环境复杂多变的实际状况,开展祁连-天峻矿集区的地质环境评价研究,力图揭示生态脆弱区人类矿业活动对矿集区地质环境的影响规律。论文选择由矿业活动引发的地质环境问题为研究对象,选择证据权模型,开展的工作主要有基础数据的收集与处理、矿集区地质环境问题的概述、野外实地验证、环境要素的信息提取、评价方法的研究、证据权模型的应用、评价结果的分析。论文研究结论有:(1)研究区采矿历史悠久,矿产种类多样,开发程度较高,但粗放、低效利用现象突出,地质环境问题频发,主要有压占和破坏土地、矿山地质灾害和地貌景观破坏。(2)论文选择地形坡度、植被覆盖度、地层岩性、地质构造、矿业活动、地质灾害等因子,并引入证据权法,综合研究发现,研究区的地质环境问题与矿业活动、地层有较高的关联度,在空间分布上具有一致性。(3)综合野外调查、实地路线调查、遥感影像分析可知,研究区的矿业活动是导致地质环境变差的重要因素之一。随着人类活动的加剧,在未来发展中研究区面临的地质环境问题逐渐增多。因此,研究区矿企发展需走“绿色矿业”之路,需协同城镇化、基础设施建设,实现生态文明的可持续发展。综合而言,研究区的环境问题是由自然条件、矿业活动共同作用的结果,影响的关键因子是矿业活动。因此,建议是该区国土开发中,应按照矿业发展、地区城镇化发展与生态环境保护相协调的思路进行,以实现该地区资源经济的可持续性发展。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the continuous increase of mining activities in Qinghai Province, mine geological environment problems have also increased. On the one hand, the special natural conditions of Qinghai Province make the geological environment in this area more sensitive, on the other hand. The local high intensity and unreasonable mining activities have aggravated the occurrence degree of mine geological environment problems. Therefore, based on the literature review and basic data collection, the study area is an ecologically fragile area. The geological environment is complex and changeable, so the geological environment evaluation of Qilian Tianjun ore concentration area is studied. This paper tries to reveal the law of the influence of human mining activities on the geological environment in the ecologically fragile areas. The paper chooses the geological environment problems caused by mining activities as the research object and the evidence right model. The main work carried out is the collection and processing of basic data, the summary of geological environmental problems in ore concentration areas, field verification, information extraction of environmental elements, the research of evaluation methods and the application of evidence right model. Analysis of the evaluation results. The conclusion of this paper is: (1) Mining has a long history, variety of mineral resources, high degree of development, but extensive, inefficient utilization phenomenon is prominent, geological and environmental problems occur frequently. The main factors such as slope, vegetation coverage, stratigraphic lithology, geological structure, mining activity, geological hazard and so on are selected. It is found that the geological environmental problems in the study area have a high correlation with the mining activities, and the spatial distribution is consistent with the field investigation and the field route investigation. The analysis of remote sensing images shows that mining activities in the study area is one of the important factors leading to the deterioration of geological environment. With the aggravation of human activities, the geological environmental problems in the future development of the study area are gradually increasing. The development of mining enterprises in the research area needs to take the road of "green mining", cooperate with urbanization, infrastructure construction, and realize the sustainable development of ecological civilization. In a word, the environmental problems of the research area are caused by natural conditions. Therefore, it is suggested that the development of the region should be carried out in accordance with the development of mining industry, regional urbanization development and ecological environment protection. In order to realize the sustainable development of resource economy in this area.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.68;TD167
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本文编号：1447356