监察委员会与“八二宪法”体制的重塑

发布时间：2018-01-24 22:55

本文关键词： 合署办公监察委员会党的领导人民当家做主依法治国　出处：《环球法律评论》2017年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：监察体制改革是事关全局的重大政治体制改革,涉及到"八二宪法"的大量修改,由此可能造成"八二宪法"体制的重塑。"八二宪法"体制的核心政治原则是"党的领导、人民当家做主与依法治国的有机统一",但这一核心政治原则在宪法上并未充分法权化,这是监察体制改革的宪制背景和基础。"八二宪法"第三章"国家机构"中的中央国家机构实际上分为两类:一类是党和国家一体化的国家主席和中央军事委员会,由全国人民代表大会产生,但不对其负责和报告工作;另一类是党和国家非一体化的"一府两院",由全国人民代表大会产生,对其负责并报告工作。党的纪律检查委员会与监察委员会合署办公使得监察委员会同时具有这两类国家机构的属性,既是党和国家一体化的,又对全国人民代表大会负责和报告工作。监察委员会的监察权最终来源于人民的赋权,同时又要坚持党的统一领导。因此,监察委员会的设立使得作为政治原则的"党的领导、人民当家做主和依法治国的有机统一"得以一定程度的法权化。
[Abstract]:The reform of the supervisory system is a major political system reform that has a bearing on the overall situation and involves a large number of amendments to the "82 Constitution." The core political principle of the "82 Constitution" system is "the organic unity of the leadership of the Party, the people as the master of the country and the rule of law". However, this core political principle is not fully legalized in the constitution. This is the constitutional background and basis for the reform of the supervisory system. In Chapter III of the 1982 Constitution, "State institutions", the central State institutions are actually divided into two categories:. One is the President of the State and the Central military Commission for the integration of the party and the state. Elected by the National people's Congress but not responsible for or reporting on its work; The other is the non-integration of the party and the state, "one government and two houses of parliament," which are elected by the National people's Congress. The co-location of the Party's Disciplinary Inspection Commission and the Supervisory Commission makes it possible for the Supervisory Commission to have the attributes of these two types of state institutions, both of which are party and state integration. The supervisory power of the supervisory committee is ultimately derived from the empowerment of the people, while at the same time upholding the unified leadership of the party. The establishment of the supervisory committee has enabled the "organic unity of the people as the leader of the party, the people to be the master of the country and the rule of law" to be legalized to a certain extent.
【作者单位】：北京航空航天大学法学院;
【分类号】：D922.11
【正文快照】： 一合署办公 2016年11月7日,中共中央办公厅印发《关于在北京市、山西省、浙江省开展国家监察体制改革试点方案》(本文简称“《方案》”),《方案》强调:“国家监察体制改革是事关全局的重大政治改革,是国家监察制度的顶层设计。深化国家监察体制改革的目标,是建立党统一领导下

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