保辜制度对构建我国刑事被害人救助制度的启示

发布时间：2018-02-16 16:40

本文关键词： 保辜制度刑事被害人救助制度尊重和保障人权　出处：《兰州大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：刑事被害人救助是指国家、社会组织、社会成员个体以法律、政策或社会道义为基础,通过多元化的途径,实现维护被害人因犯罪行为而遭受的物质损害、精神创伤等受损的合法权益的目的。到目前为止,已经超过30多个国家和地区建立了被害人国家补偿制度。与域外相比,我国尚未建立刑事被害人救助制度。在经济全球化时代,法律全球化也成为一种趋势。法律移植固然是法律现代化进程加快行之有效的途径,但在法律现代化过程中我们更应该挖掘本土法律资源的现代法律价值。我国古代法律文化中的保辜制度就是极具特色和现代刑事法律借鉴意义的一项保护受害人与追究加害人法律责任相结合的制度,在构建和谐社会的今天,保辜制度以其特有的功能价值,如被害人救助、修复破损的社会关系、消除社会矛盾、维护社会和谐等,为我国构建刑事被害人救助制度提供了积极的参考价值。本文共分为五个部分。首先,对保辜制度进行历史考察,对其古代实践状况、存在基础和消亡原因作了简要分析。其次,本文对刑事被害人救助制度的理论基础、国外发展状况以及我国刑事被害人救助现状进行概述。再次,本文对保辜制度与刑事被害人救助制度在理论基础、适用范围和适用后对加害人量刑影响等方面进行了比较。通过对比,挖掘保辜制度所蕴涵的恢复性司法理念、人道主义价值等具有现代意义的刑法理念。最后,结合保辜制度所蕴涵的现代刑法理念以及对被害人救助制度构建的启示,笔者在分析构建我国刑事被害人救助制度所体现的法律价值追求和遵循原则的基础上,提出以立法形式构建我国刑事被害人救助制度,并对如何构建的主要内容进行了论述。我国正处于转型期,这就难以避免的存在多种矛盾、冲突、纠纷等不和谐因素。我们能做的就是建立各种行之有效的制度,努力通过制度来缓解、减少甚至消除各种不和谐的因素,只有这样才能为社会主义和谐社会的建设保驾护航。
[Abstract]:Criminal victim assistance means that the state, social organization and individual members of the society, based on law, policy or social morality, can maintain the material damage suffered by the victim as a result of the criminal act through a pluralistic approach. So far, more than 30 countries and regions have established a national compensation system for victims. Compared with foreign countries, In the era of economic globalization, legal globalization has also become a trend. Legal transplantation is certainly an effective way to speed up the process of legal modernization. However, in the process of legal modernization, we should excavate the modern legal value of local legal resources. The system of protecting victims in the ancient legal culture of our country is an extremely characteristic and modern criminal law reference significance to protect the victims. The system combined with the investigation of the perpetrators' legal liability, In the construction of a harmonious society today, the system of protection and Koo has its unique functional value, such as victim relief, repair of broken social relations, elimination of social contradictions, maintenance of social harmony, and so on. It provides the positive reference value for our country to construct the criminal victim relief system. This paper is divided into five parts. Firstly, the paper makes a historical investigation on the system of protecting the victim, and makes a brief analysis of its ancient practice, its foundation of existence and the reason of its demise. Secondly, this paper makes a brief analysis of the theoretical basis of the system of assistance to the criminal victim. The development situation of foreign countries and the current situation of criminal victim assistance in China are summarized. Thirdly, this paper gives a theoretical basis for the system of protecting and supporting criminal victims. Through the comparison of the scope of application and the influence on the sentencing of the perpetrator, the author excavates the restorative justice idea, the humanitarian value and so on, which has the modern significance criminal law idea. Combined with the concept of modern criminal law and the inspiration to the construction of victim relief system, the author analyzes the pursuit of legal value and follows the principles embodied in the construction of criminal victim relief system in China. This paper puts forward the construction of criminal victim relief system in the form of legislation, and discusses the main contents of how to construct it. China is in a period of transition, which inevitably leads to a variety of contradictions and conflicts. All we can do is to set up various effective systems and try hard to alleviate, reduce and even eliminate all kinds of disharmonious factors. Only in this way can we guarantee the construction of a harmonious socialist society.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.182.3

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