试论地方性法规在行政审判中的适用

发布时间：2018-02-28 06:49

本文关键词： 地方性法规行政审判参照合法性审查　出处：《华东政法大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：法律适用是行政审判制度的重要内容，是人民法院在个案中援用法律规范审查具体行政行为合法性，并作出裁判的活动。作为法律渊源之一，地方性法规是特定地方立法机关行使立法权的结果，它对行政审判法律适用具有一定的拘束力。行政审判适用地方性法规的背后，涉及司法权与地方立法权、地方行政权之间的相互关系，与我国的宪政体制与框架休戚相关。同时，法院适用地方性法规是否合理、规范，直接影响行政行为的合法性审查与案件的审判效果，关乎行政诉讼制度的实效性。因此，行政审判适用地方性法规是值得关注的法制课题，在理论与实践层面都具有一定的研究意义。本文分为四章，采取理论分析、案例分析、文本分析等多种方法。在提出问题部分，从地方性法规在行政审判适用中的问题出发，总结法院应对这些问题的现状，并进行评估。在分析问题部分，从宪法学、行政法学等视角，探讨行政审判适用地方性法规的法理基础。在解决问题部分，建议行政审判“参照”地方性法规，并以合法性审查为核心提出具体操作规则。第一章在结合相关理论与案例，提出地方性法规在行政审判中适用出现的问题。由于《行政诉讼法》、《立法法》以及最高院司法解释关于行政审判适用地方性法规的规定存在出入，引起地方性法规适用规则模糊，包括适用方法与形式的模糊。同时，地方性法规在适用过程中可能出现与法律、行政法规等冲突，以及条文规定模糊而难以确切援用，，这些问题的出现具有现实可能性。第二章总结行政审判处理上述地方性法规适用问题的做法，并揭示其造成的负面影响。通过司法案例分析，总结法院适用地方性法规审理行政案件的方法与形式、处理适用冲突及条文模糊而难以援用的做法，说明法院适用地方性法规的实践操作不够规范。在此基础上，进一步分析当前行政审判适用地方性法规带来的消极后果，不仅导致行政审判活动出现不作为、裁判不严谨等缺陷，而且引起行政诉讼的地方保护主义，弱化其权利救济功能。第三章基于宪法学、行政法学等多个视角，提出行政审判适用地方性法规必须遵循的法理。其一，从地方性法规的法律地位出发，分析它在行政活动与司法活动中的不同价值，在行政审判中的适用应作分析。其二，根据宪法确立的国家法制统一原则，分析它对行政审判适用地方性法规的规范意义，特别强调其中的限制性要求。其三，从优化行政诉讼功能的角度，明确法院适用地方性法规应与行政诉讼的监督行政、权利救济及发展法律功能相协调。第四章建议行政审判“参照”地方性法规，并以合法性审查为核心设计具体的规则。梳理“参照”的含义，分析它对完善地方性法规适用的借鉴价值。在具体规则方面，合法性审查应遵循的原则包括穷尽一切合法性解释、作有利于相对人的审查等；审查内容包括形式合法性与实质合法性两个方面；认定地方性法规违法的应采取“抵触”标准；地方法院有权拒绝适用违法地方性法规，并向最高院提出审查要求；最高院有权确认地方性法规违法。
[Abstract]:The applicable law is an important content of the administrative trial system, is the legitimacy of the people's court in the case cited legal review of specific administrative act, and to make the judgment. As one of the sources of law, local regulations are specific to the local legislature to exercise the legislative power of the results, it has a certain binding force for the administrative trial behind the law. Administrative trial applicable local regulations, involving the judicial power and the local legislative power, the relationship between the local administrative rights, constitutional system and framework and bound together in a common cause in our country. At the same time, the court applicable local laws and regulations is reasonable, standardized, legal review and case of administrative behavior directly affect the effect of the trial, the effectiveness of the matter the system of administrative litigation. Therefore, the administrative trial applicable local regulations are the legal issues of concern, in theory and practice has certain research significance.
This paper is divided into four chapters, through theoretical analysis, case analysis, various methods of text analysis. In the part of question, starting from the local laws and regulations in administrative trial application of the problem, summarizes the situation of the court to deal with these issues, and evaluation. In the part of the problem analysis, from the perspective of constitutional law, administrative law, legal on the base of the administrative trial applicable local regulations. In part to solve the problem, proposed the administrative trial "reference" of local laws and regulations, and to examine the legitimacy as the core put forward specific operating rules.
In the first chapter, combining the theory with the case, the local regulations applicable problems in administrative trial. Because of "administrative procedure law", "legislation law > and the Supreme Court judicial interpretation of the provisions of the administrative trial applicable local regulations out there, caused by local regulations apply fuzzy rules, including fuzzy method and application form. At the same time, local regulations and laws may appear in the application process, administrative regulations conflict, and provisions to invoke the exact fuzzy, the emergence of these problems is a realistic possibility.
The second chapter summarizes the administrative trial processing problem to apply the local laws and practices, and reveals the negative effects caused by the judicial case analysis, summarize the methods and forms of local regulations court for the trial of administrative cases, and it is difficult to use for processing fuzzy conflict and provisions, indicating that the court applicable local regulations insufficient practice standard. On this basis, further analysis of the negative consequences of the current administrative trial applicable local regulations, not only lead to administrative proceedings appear not as a referee, not rigorous defects such as local protectionism and causes of administrative litigation, weakening the right relief function.
The third chapter is based on the constitution, more from the perspective of administrative law, the legal applicable local regulations proposed administrative trial must be followed. First, starting from the legal status of local regulations, analyze its different value in the administrative activities and judicial activities, in the administrative judgment should be applicable for analysis. Secondly, according to the the principle of the unity of the state legal system established by the constitution, analyze its normative significance of administrative trial applicable local regulations, with particular emphasis on the requirements of the restriction. Thirdly, from the optimization of administrative litigation function, the court explicitly applicable local regulations should be administrative supervision and administrative litigation, rights relief and development of the legal function of coordination.
The fourth chapter proposed the administrative trial "reference" of local laws and regulations, and to examine the legitimacy as the core design of specific rules. Combing the "reference" meaning, analyze it use for reference to improve the local regulations applicable. In specific rules, legal review should follow the principles including exhausted all legal interpretation, as to relative person's review; review includes two aspects of formal and substantive legitimacy; Determination of local regulations illegal should adopt the "conflict" standard; local court has the right to refuse to use illegal local regulations, and put forward the review requirements to the Supreme Court; the Supreme Court has the right to establish local law.

【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D927;D925.3

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