行政权的相对集中与横向分配研究

发布时间：2018-03-03 10:14

本文选题：相对集中　切入点：横向分配　出处：《甘肃政法学院》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：改革开放三十多年来,我国经济的发展突飞猛进,实行市场经济,参与世界范围内的经济竞争,现已跃居世界第二大经济体。较之经济上的改革和发展,社会管理方面的改革虽然在同时给予关注,但一直以来行进缓慢,如行政机关摆脱不了计划经济的影响,在参与社会管理时始终以管理者的姿态高高在上,试图塑造全能政府的形象。2013年11月12日中共十八届中央委员会第三次全体会议通过了《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》进一步提出了要切实转变政府职能,深化行政体制改革,创新行政管理方式,增强政府公信力和执行力,建设法治政府和服务型政府,同时提出要创新社会治理体制,首次将社会治理理念替代社会管理理念,一系列的改革目标都说明了在进入改革攻坚期和深水区的现阶段,不啃行政体制改革这个“硬骨头”,落后的管理很可能成为下一步我国经济大发展的瓶颈。新一届领导班子一成立,就马不停蹄地拉开了改革的序幕,2013年3月14日十二届全国人大一次会议通过了《关于国务院机构改革和职能转变方案的决定》,新一轮国务院机构改革启动,本次大部制改革是改革开放以来国务院经历的第七轮改革,体现了行政权进一步优化改革的趋势,伴随着《行政处罚法》规定建立的相对集中行政处罚权制度的出现,在基层,城管的设置对行政权的集中有所体现,但现实中地方政府对行政权横向分配之精细又让人感叹,这与中央大部制改革中所体现的相对集中的行政权显然是不太一致的,而且在目前我国的宪政体制下,行政权的相对集中和权力的横向分配在设置和运行中存在一些问题。行政权的横向分配直接影响行政权力设定范围,作为一项重要的行政控制手段,关系着政府管理职能的实现和行政管理方的权利义务。行政权的相对集中与横向分配不仅关乎行政机关如何协调、分配公共资源,使其得到最大限度的有效利用,而且是涉及公民、法人的权利自由如何得到有效保障的大问题。在我国全面深化改革,特别是行政体制改革的大背景下,行政权的相对集中与横向分配研究对列明政府“权力清单”提供理论支持,同时能够进一步推进宪政法治的建设。然而在国内现阶段的研究中,成果多限于行政权的相对集中(这部分也多是关于相对集中的行政处罚权、行政许可权),行政权的横向分配以及行政权的相对集中与横向分配的互动方面的研究几乎是空白,亟待需要补充相关的理论研究。本篇论文正文分为三部分：第一部分：制度明晰,这一部分将对行政权的配置中相关概念的内涵、法律依据、现状等进行闸述,以明确行政权的配置制度。第二部分：找出并分析问题,这一部分将找出行政权的相对集中与横向分配中的理论、制度与现实困境,如实施中权力集中机关的地位困境、效率困境、权力膨胀,易滋生腐败的困境、在现实中引发机构膨胀困境等；分析行政权的相对集中与横向分配二者的矛盾与统一,列举二者制度上的优劣。第三部分：解决问题,这一部分将结合大部制改革的大背景,根据前文的分析,找出困境的解决方法,在此基础上进行理论完善并提出具有可操作性的改革建议。
[Abstract]:Thirty years of reform and opening up, China's economic development by leaps and bounds, the implementation of market economy, participate in world economic competition, has been ranked the world's second largest economy. The reform and development of the economy, the reform of the social management while at the same time paying attention, but has been moving slowly, such as administrative organs to get rid of not in the planned economy, participate in social management attitude has always been to superior managers, trying to shape the image of the omnipotent government.2013 year in November 12th the eighteen CPC Central Committee third plenary session through "decision > CPC Central Committee on deepening reform of the overall number of major issues put forward to effectively transform government functions, deepening administrative system the reform and innovation of administrative management, enhance the government's credibility and execution, the construction of the rule of law government and service-oriented government, and puts forward to innovation The social system of governance, social governance concept for the first time instead of the concept of social management, a series of reform goal of this stage in the reform period and the deep water area, don't chew on the "bones" reform of the administrative system, backward management is likely to become the bottleneck of the development of China's economy in the next step.
The new leadership was established, non-stop opened a prelude to the reform, a meeting in March 14, 2013 twelve National People's Congress passed the decision on the transformation program < > and functions of the institutional reform of the State Council, the State Council launched a new round of institutional reform, the big department system reform since the reform and opening up through the seventh round of the State Council the reform reflects the administrative right to further optimize the reform trend, with the emergence of ", the power of relatively concentrated administrative punishment provisions of Administrative Punishment Law > established at the grassroots level, the urban setting of the executive power is concentrated to the local government, but in reality the transverse distribution of administrative power and the fine people sigh, this with the embodiment of the Giant Department Reform in the relative concentration of administrative authority is not consistent, but in our constitutional system, the relative concentration of administrative power and power of transverse distribution There are some problems in setting up and running. The transverse distribution of administrative power is directly affected by the administrative power set range, as an important administrative control means, realize the relationship between the function of government administration and the administrative management of the rights and obligations of the relative centralization of administrative power and transverse distribution is not only related to the administrative organs to coordinate the allocation of public resources. To maximize the efficient use and relates to legal rights of citizens, how to effectively protect the freedom problem. In deepening the reform of our country, especially in the background of the reform of administrative system, research and transverse distribution provide theoretical support for specifying the government "power list" the relative concentration of administrative power. At the same time, to further promote the construction of constitutionalism and rule of law. However, in the domestic research in the present stage, the relative concentration of the results is limited to the administrative power (which are mostly about. The research on the interaction between centralized administrative punishment power, administrative licensing right, the horizontal distribution of administrative power and the relative centralization and horizontal distribution of administrative power is almost blank. It is urgent to supplement relevant theoretical research.
This thesis is divided into three parts: the first part: the system is clear, this part of the connotation of related concepts of administrative power in the allocation of legal basis for the status quo, to clear the administrative power allocation system. The second part: to identify and analyze problems, and the relative concentration of transverse distribution theory in the one part will identify the administrative power, and the dilemma of the system, such as the implementation of centralized power status dilemma, agency efficiency dilemma, power expansion, easy to breed corruption predicament, cause organization expansion predicament in reality; analysis of the executive power of contradiction and unity with the transverse distribution of the two lists, two the quality of the system. The third part: to solve the problem, the background of this part will combine the big department system reform, according to the above analysis, find out the way to solve the dilemma, on the basis of the theory and put forward the operable A tentative proposal for reform.

【学位授予单位】：甘肃政法学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.1

【参考文献】