雾霾应急法律机制的定位更新与制度矫正

发布时间：2018-03-06 19:56

  本文选题：雾霾灾害　切入点：非常法律　出处：《中国行政管理》2017年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：应急处理业已成为雾霾防治的重要手段。但囿于对雾霾兼具"污染"与"灾害"的复合属性认识不足,行政机关未将雾霾应急定位于"自然灾害应急"而采"污染事件应急"的立场,混淆了制度定位并影响了政府规制的法律体系选择。除带来合法性质疑外,更造成政府规制的科学性危机:雾霾横向传输与应急纵向管理的冲突,制度设计的非科学性成为"制度致灾因子"。因此应将雾霾应急处理定位于"自然灾害应急",通过区分常态法律与非常态法律实现政府规制措施适法性的矫正;通过"救灾义务国家化"、"减灾义务社会化"实现权责重心的调适;构造"商谈+命令"的复合决策模型以应对区域性雾霾;调整灾害应对信息结构以实现科学化改造。
[Abstract]:Emergency management has become an important means of haze prevention and control. However, due to the lack of understanding of the compound attribute of "pollution" and "disaster" in haze, Instead of positioning the haze emergency as "natural disaster emergency", the administrative authorities adopt the "pollution emergency response" position, which confuses the system orientation and affects the choice of the legal system of government regulation. It also causes the scientific crisis of government regulation: the conflict between the horizontal transmission of haze and the vertical management of emergency. The non-scientific design of the system becomes the "institutional disaster factor". Therefore, the haze emergency treatment should be positioned as "natural disaster emergency", and the adaptation of government regulation measures should be corrected by distinguishing the normal law from the abnormal law. Through "nationalization of disaster relief obligations", "socialization of disaster reduction obligations" realizes the adjustment of the center of gravity of power and responsibility, constructs a compound decision-making model of "negotiation orders" to deal with regional haze, and adjusts the information structure of disaster response to realize scientific transformation.
【作者单位】： 西南财经大学法学院;
【基金】：四川省教育厅环境资源法学创新团队研究成果 西南财经大学“中央高校基本科研业务费专项资助项目”(编号:JBK1607047)
【分类号】：D922.68
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本文编号：1576254