行政首长问责制之完善

发布时间：2018-03-11 14:28

本文选题：行政首长　切入点：问责制度　出处：《西南政法大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：责任型政府的建立是贯彻为人民服务理念的必然要求。行政首长责任制,就是在行政问责中重点以行政首长为问责对象,以督促其作出合法且合理的行政行为。我国行政体制改革领域要解决的一个重要问题,即是完善行政首长责任制。梳理近几年我国有关行政问责的研究成果,学者们对行政问责的研究大多数为纯学术性的规范性研究,例如论述行政问责的理论基础及制度缺陷,行政问责的各要素构成等。而本文论述的问责对象范围限于行政首长,通过现实中的问责案例,引出我国行政问责法律规范的缺失与漏洞,并在借鉴域外相关问责制度的经验基础上,为完善我国的行政首长责任制提出具体对策。本文总体分为六部分,第一部分是引言,主要介绍了本主题的研究背景、研究意义和国内外的研究现状;第二部分是关于我国行政首长责任制的历史发展,首先阐述了学术界对行政问责及行政首长范围的概念界定,然后重点介绍我国在封建时期、建国初期及改革开放之后行政首长责任制的发展状况及要求;第三部分是关于我国行政首长问责制的现状与问题,通过分析现实中的具体案例,揭露了我国行政首长问责制在问责主体、问责范围、问责方式、问责程序等方面存在的缺陷;第四部分介绍了域外部分行政问责制度的情况,目的是为我国的问责制度提供宝贵经验;第五部分针对我国行政首长问责制的现存问题,从问责主体、问责范围、问责形式、问责程序等方面提出了完善该制度的具体对策;第六部分是结语,总结完善行政首长责任制的大体要求,并提出对被问责官员进行救济的重要性,急需我国建立、完善问责官员的救济制度。因此,本论文的整个设计思路是发现问题——分析问题——解决问题。本文的研究方法包括是文献分析法、价值分析法以及比较分析法。首先,笔者在确定选题之前,查阅了各种资料,如:国内外学者的专著、论文以及中央和地方颁布的法律法规等。在研读国内和国外学者的研究成果后,笔者在头脑中确立了自己的论文写作思路。其次,本文在充分研究行政首长责任制的基础上,分析了构建行政首长责任制在整肃吏治、强化政府及其公务员的责任意识等方面的意义。再次,本文通过对美国、日本、台湾等地的行政问责制进行分析,总结出各国的先进经验,为完善我国的行政首长责任制给予启示。总之,本文在国内外学者的研究基础上,系统研究了行政首长责任制的各个要素,选取实际的问责案例进行分析,并提出完善制度缺陷的具体对策,希望有助于我国行政问责制的发展。
[Abstract]:The establishment of a responsible government is an inevitable requirement for the implementation of the concept of serving the people. The responsibility system of the executive head is to focus on the executive head as the object of accountability in the administrative accountability. In order to urge them to make legitimate and reasonable administrative behavior, an important problem to be solved in the field of administrative system reform in our country is to perfect the responsibility system of administrative heads. Most of the scholars' researches on administrative accountability are purely academic normative studies, such as discussing the theoretical basis and institutional defects of administrative accountability, the composition of the elements of administrative accountability, etc. The scope of accountability discussed in this paper is limited to executive heads. Through the case of accountability in reality, leads to the absence and loophole of the legal norms of administrative accountability in our country, and on the basis of learning from the experience of the relevant accountability system outside the country, This paper is divided into six parts, the first part is the introduction, mainly introduces the research background, the research significance and the domestic and foreign research status; The second part is about the historical development of executive head responsibility system in our country. Firstly, it expounds the definition of administrative accountability and the scope of executive head in academic circles, and then focuses on the introduction of our country in the feudal period. The third part is about the current situation and problems of the accountability system of executive heads in our country, through the analysis of concrete cases in reality. It exposes the shortcomings of the accountability system of the executive head in the main body, the scope, the way and the procedure of accountability. Part 4th introduces the situation of the system of administrative accountability outside the country. The purpose is to provide valuable experience for the accountability system of our country. Part 5th, aiming at the existing problems of the accountability system of the executive heads of our country, puts forward the concrete countermeasures to perfect the system from the aspects of the accountability subject, the scope, the form and the procedure of the accountability. The 6th part is the conclusion, summing up the general requirements of perfecting the executive head responsibility system, and putting forward the importance of providing relief to the accountable officials, which is in urgent need of our country to establish and perfect the relief system for the accountable officials. The whole design idea of this thesis is to find the problem-analyze the problem-solve the problem. The research methods of this paper include literature analysis, value analysis and comparative analysis. For example, the monographs of scholars at home and abroad, papers and laws and regulations promulgated by the central and local governments, etc. After studying the research results of domestic and foreign scholars, the author established his own thinking of writing papers in his mind. Secondly, Based on the full study of the executive head responsibility system, this paper analyzes the significance of constructing the executive head responsibility system in purging officials and strengthening the sense of responsibility of the government and its civil servants. This paper analyzes the administrative accountability system in Taiwan and other places, sums up the advanced experiences of various countries, and gives some enlightenment for the perfection of the executive head responsibility system in China. In a word, this article is based on the research of domestic and foreign scholars. This paper systematically studies the elements of the executive head responsibility system, selects the actual accountability cases to analyze, and puts forward specific countermeasures to perfect the system defects, hoping to contribute to the development of the administrative accountability system in China.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.11

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