网络捐赠的法律规制研究

发布时间：2018-03-15 07:36

本文选题：网络捐赠　切入点：审查披露　出处：《河北经贸大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：自20世纪80年代开始到21世纪的今天,在国家经济日益繁荣的同时,社会公益慈善事业也在蒸蒸日上的发展。互联网的发展使得慈善日益兴盛,网络与公益慈善的结合突破了传统慈善的困境。网络慈善主要的代表是网络慈善基金、网络众筹和网络捐赠,其中网络捐赠是广大网友参与网络公益最多的方式。网络捐赠在各个方面都发挥着积极的作用,最常见的是在救助失学贫困儿童、救助身患重病无资金救治的病人、救助自然灾害地区的人民等等。随着互联网+时代的到来,我国慈善事业的发展方向也从传统的慈善转向网络慈善,而网络捐赠表现尤为突出。但是,法律制度的发展总是滞后于现实的发展。在我国,关于网络捐赠方面的法律制度相对薄弱,导致网络捐赠活动无法得到有效规制,网络捐赠领域乱象频发,完善网络捐赠活动的法律规制已迫在眉睫。本文主要以研究网络捐赠的现状,从中总结出问题,进而对其问题进行规制为主。第一部分主要阐明了选题的社会背景和现状,对选题的意义进行剖析、研究国内外网络捐赠的现状,同时阐明本文的研究思路、方法和创新点。主要分析了我国传统慈善事业出现的种种困境,随着网络的发展,慈善与网络相结合孕育了新型的慈善模式,即网络捐赠。同时通过研究国内外的网络现状来总结现在网络捐赠慈善的特点。第二部分主要针对网络捐赠的概念、特点、性质及其存在和发展的基础进行总结,通过对网络捐赠现象的总结和归纳,总结出网络捐赠的特点,根据网络与慈善相结合的发展进程,归纳出网络捐赠存在的基础,进而为下文网络捐赠的问题进行铺垫。第三部分主要对域外的网络捐赠国家的情况及法律规制进行阐述,并从中吸取对我国网络捐赠法律制度发展的经验。主要从网络发展发达的英国和美国出发,对其现行的法律规范进行研究,通过对英美两国法律制度的研究并结合我国的情况,总结出英美两国和我国之间存在的不同以及我国网络发展需要借鉴英美两国的优秀经验。第四部分与第五部分分别是从网络捐赠的现状中总结问题及针对问题提出的法律完善措施,主要存在的问题主要有捐赠主体、受赠主体、网络平台三方的权利和义务;捐赠信息的真实性问题;善款的使用情况以及各方主体的自律及受监督等,同时也针对问题提出了相应的措施,比如明确细化各个主体的权利义务,主要是针对网络平台的准入制度;实时详细公布捐赠信息;善款的使用及执行情况;建立健全各方的监督管理机制及明确各方的责任等。
[Abstract]:From 1980s to 21th century, with the prosperity of the national economy, the social welfare and philanthropy is also booming. The development of the Internet makes philanthropy flourish day by day. The combination of network and charity has broken through the dilemma of traditional charity. The main representatives of online charity are online charitable funds, online crowdfunding and online donations. Among them, network donation is the most popular way for netizens to participate in the public welfare of the network. Online donation plays a positive role in all aspects. The most common is to help poor children who are out of school, to help patients who are seriously ill without funds to treat them. With the advent of the Internet era, the development direction of philanthropy in our country has also shifted from traditional charity to network charity, and the performance of online donation is particularly outstanding. The development of legal system always lags behind the development of reality. In our country, the legal system of network donation is relatively weak, resulting in the network donation activities can not be effectively regulated. It is urgent to perfect the legal regulation of network donation. This paper mainly studies the status quo of network donation, sums up the problems, and then regulates the problems. The first part mainly expounds the social background and current situation of the topic. This paper analyzes the significance of the topic, studies the current situation of online donation at home and abroad, and clarifies the research ideas, methods and innovations of this paper. It mainly analyzes the difficulties of traditional philanthropy in China, along with the development of the network. The combination of charity and network gives birth to a new type of charity mode, namely, network donation. At the same time, it summarizes the characteristics of network donation charity by studying the current situation of network donation at home and abroad. The second part mainly aims at the concept and characteristics of network donation. The nature and the foundation of its existence and development are summarized. Through the summary and induction of the phenomenon of network donation, the characteristics of network donation are summed up. According to the development process of the combination of network and charity, the foundation of the existence of network donation is concluded. The third part mainly expounds the situation and legal regulation of the overseas countries of network donation. And draw lessons from the experience of the development of the legal system of network donation in our country. Starting from the United Kingdom and the United States, where the network is developed, this paper studies its current legal norms, and through the study of the legal systems of the United States and the United States, it combines the situation of our country. The differences between the two countries and our country are summarized, and the network development of our country needs to draw lessons from the excellent experience of the two countries. Part 4th and part 5th respectively summarize the problems from the current situation of network donation and put forward some suggestions. Measures to improve the law, The main problems are the rights and obligations of the donor, the grantee, the network platform, the authenticity of the donation information, the use of the donation, the self-discipline and supervision of the parties, etc. At the same time, it also puts forward the corresponding measures, such as clarifying the rights and obligations of each subject, mainly aiming at the access system of the network platform; announcing the donation information in real time and detailed; the use and implementation of the donation; Establish and improve the supervision and management mechanism of all parties and clarify the responsibilities of all parties.
【学位授予单位】：河北经贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.182.3

【相似文献】