社会救助权的国家义务研究

发布时间：2018-03-15 10:20

  本文选题：社会救助权　切入点：基本权利　出处：《东南大学》2014年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：社会救助权作为公民一项基本权利,遵循了“社会归因——权利本位——国家义务”的价值理念,已被许多国家用宪法规范的形式予以确认。从宪法“公民权利——国家义务”的结构模式看,社会救助权的实现必需仰仗国家义务的切实履行。就社会救助权国家义务的体系构成而占,其内容涵摄具有层进关系的国家尊重义务、国家保护义务和国家给付义务三个重要组成部分。国家尊重义务和国家保护义务是典型的自由法治国义务,主要在于保障公民社会救助权的现有利益；而国家给付义务则是社会法治国义务,主要在于增进公民社会救助权的潜在利益。尊重义务作为国家保障社会救助权实现的首要义务,其核心价值追求在于如何让社会弱势群体摒除自身特有的“污名”、“歧视”、“恩赐”等时代烙印,到正真享有“尊严”、“平等”、“自由”的社会救助。国家保护义务是社会救助权保障的基本内涵,国家对公民社会救助权的实现负有预防、排除与救济三个层次的保护义务。社会救助权国家保护义务存在不同的审查基准,在审查“国家如何尽到保护义务”时,应以“过度禁止”作为侵害的界限,以“不足禁止”作为保障的底线；在审查“国家应保护到什么程度”时,应以实现公平自由为上限,以体现人性尊严为下限。国家给付义务是社会救助权保障的本质核心,对其基准的度量涉及给付范围、给付上限和给付下限三个维度要素。给付范围是从横向角度对社会救助权国家给付义务基准进行度量,可以决定社会救助权具体国家给付义务是否在场以及在场的排序问题；而给付上限和给付下限两个维度则是在给付范围的语境下,从纵向的视角来度量社会救助权国家给付义务的基准问题。社会救助权国家义务的履行表现为立法履行、行政履行以及司法履行三种形式,立法履行最终要落实在宪法、法律、法规等具体制度的构建,行政履行则为公民实现社会救助权提供了公正性与程序性的路径安排,而司法履行则是针对社会救助权遭遇不法侵害所给予必要的司法救济手段。
[Abstract]:As a basic right of citizens, the right to social assistance follows the value concept of "social attribution-right standard-state obligation". Has been recognized by many countries in the form of constitutional norms. The realization of the right to social assistance must depend on the effective implementation of the obligations of the state. The duty of state protection and the obligation of state payment are three important parts. The duty of state respect and obligation of protection are typical obligations of governing the country by free law, which mainly lies in the protection of the existing interests of the right of civil society assistance; The obligation of state payment is the duty of governing the country by social law, which mainly lies in the promotion of the potential benefits of the right of civil society assistance. The obligation to respect is regarded as the primary obligation of the state to guarantee the realization of the right of social assistance. The pursuit of its core value lies in how to make the disadvantaged groups of society get rid of their own unique "stigma", "discrimination", "gift" and so on. To truly enjoy "dignity", "equality" and "freedom", the state duty of protection is the basic connotation of the protection of the right to social assistance, and the state has the responsibility to prevent the realization of the right of civil society assistance. Three levels of protection obligations are excluded and relief. There are different criteria for the examination of the national obligation of protection of the right to social assistance. When examining "how the State fulfils the obligation of protection", it should take "excessive prohibition" as the limit of infringement. Taking "insufficient prohibition" as the bottom line of security; when examining "how far the State should be protected", the upper limit should be the realization of fair and free rights, and the minimum limit should be the realization of human dignity. The obligation of the State to pay is the essential core of the guarantee of the right to social assistance. The measurement of its benchmark involves the scope of payment, the upper limit and the lower limit of payment, and the scope of payment is to measure the standard of payment obligation of the country with social assistance right from the horizontal angle. It is possible to determine whether the obligation to pay is present or not and whether it is present, while the two dimensions of the upper and lower limits of payment are in the context of the scope of payment. From a vertical angle of view to measure the social relief right of the state to pay the benchmark problem. Social relief rights of the performance of the state obligations for the legislative performance, administrative performance and judicial performance of three forms, the legislative performance of the final implementation of the Constitution, the law, With the construction of specific systems such as laws and regulations, administrative performance provides a fair and procedural path arrangement for citizens to realize the right to social assistance, and judicial performance is a necessary judicial remedy for the illegal infringement of social relief rights.
【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D921;D922.182.3
，

本文编号：1615599