我国设区的市地方性法规批准制度研究

发布时间：2018-04-20 18:01

本文选题：设区的市 + 地方性法规　；参考：《湘潭大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国《立法法》第七十二条第二款规定:设区的市的地方性法规须报省、自治区的人民代表大会常务委员会批准后施行。2015年《立法法》的修改保留了对批准制度的规定,立法批准制度是我国立法制度的重要组成部分,在我国法治事业中处于重要地位。《立法法》赋予设区的市的人大及其常委会制定地方性法规的权力,但同时可能会带来设区的市滥用地方立法权的问题。批准制度是防止设区的市的人大及其常委会滥用地方立法权的关键性制度。批准制度在保证设区的市立法权的合宪性和避免与上位法冲突等方面也发挥着重要作用。我国目前的法律法规对批准制度的规定比较原则,在实践中缺乏操作性,批准制度在实际运行过程中还存在着很多问题:对批准制度的审查内容规定不够详细;审查原则与标准规定的也很不明确;程序性规定存在缺失;批准期限规定不明确;报批后的处理方式规定不明确;对省级人大常委会立法批准权的监督缺位。若要保证批准制度切实发挥其应有的作用,就要对批准制度进行完善。建立省、市两级人大常委会立法的沟通、协调机制;“不抵触”的审查标准要明确,在合法性审查原则之外也要确立合理性审查原则。启动批准程序的公示公告,保障公众知情权。批准制度的审查程序具体分为:初步审查程序、正式列入议程、正式审查程序。此外,还要明确批准的期限和批准方式,对于报批之后的处理方式也要根据情形不同做出不同的处理决定。权力没有制约就会导致腐败,因此还必须要加强对省级人大常委会批准权的监督。
[Abstract]:The second paragraph of Article 72 of our country's "legislation Law" stipulates: the local laws and regulations of the municipalities divided into districts shall be submitted to the provinces and the standing committees of the people's congresses of the autonomous regions shall go into effect after approval. The amendments to the 2015 "legislation Law" retain the provisions on the approval system. The system of legislative approval is an important part of our country's legislative system and plays an important role in the cause of the rule of law in our country. The people's Congress and its standing Committee of cities divided into districts have the power to formulate local laws and regulations. But it could also lead to the abuse of local legislative power by district-based cities. The approval system is the key system to prevent the people's Congress and its standing committee from abusing the local legislative power. The approval system also plays an important role in ensuring the constitutionality of the district legislative power and avoiding the conflict with the upper law. There are still many problems in the actual operation of the approval system because of the comparison principle of the current laws and regulations on the approval system in practice: the review content of the approval system is not detailed enough; Review principles and standards are also very unclear; procedural provisions are missing; the time limit for ratification is not clear; the handling method after reporting for approval is not clear; and the supervision of the legislative approval power of the standing Committee of the Provincial people's Congress is absent. If we want to ensure the ratification system to play its due role, we must perfect the ratification system. It is necessary to establish a mechanism for communication and coordination of the legislation of the standing committees of provincial and municipal people's congresses, and to establish the principle of reasonable examination in addition to the principle of legality examination. Public announcement of approval procedure to protect the public's right to know. The review procedure of the approval system is divided into: preliminary review procedure, formal inclusion in the agenda, formal review procedure. In addition, the time limit and method of approval should be clearly defined, and different processing decisions should be made according to the situation. No restriction of power will lead to corruption, so we must strengthen the supervision of the power of approval of the standing Committee of the Provincial people's Congress.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.1

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