食品生产经营者后续观察义务研究

发布时间：2018-04-26 01:24

本文选题：食品生产经营者后续观察义务 + 食品跟踪观察义务　；参考：《海南大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：食品生产经营者是食品安全的第一责任人,后续观察义务是食品生产经营者承担食品安全责任的重要体现。食品生产经营者的后续观察义务将对食品的安全注意义务延伸到食品流通领域,对保障公共安全和维护消费者群体利益具有重要意义。我国法律法规对食品生产经营者后续观察义务规定不完善、体系不健全。基于我国食品生产经营者后续观察义务的现状,本文通过考察域外国家和地区食品生产经营者后续观察义务的立法情况和相关制度得以总结和借鉴其有价值的经验。本文正文由五个部分组成。第一部分叙述了食品生产经营者后续观察义务的基本理论。食品生产经营者后续观察义务是指食品生产经营者对已经进入流通领域的食品,负有的继续观察食品的安全性,追踪、采集、报告食品安全信息,并于必要时采取警示、召回等补救措施的义务。其主要内容包括作为主体的食品生产者和经营者在食品流通领域履行的食品跟踪观察义务、售后警示义务和食品召回义务。该内容在法律性质上属于义务范畴,且是法定义务,具有公法和私法的双重属性。第二部分主要分析了我国食品生产经营者后续观察义务的立法现状。我国在食品生产经营者后续观察义务的内容中主要规定了食品召回义务的主体、类型、条件、法律责任及售后警示的履行前提和法律责任等。第三部分论述我国食品生产经营者后续观察义务主要存在六大问题,分别是缺乏食品跟踪观察义务的规定、售后警示义务的法律规范不完善、食品召回义务法律规定不健全、食品安全溯源体系不健全、食品安全强制责任保险不完善和食品生产经营者违反该义务后的责任承担重行政轻民事。第四部分主要考察了欧盟、日本和美国等域外国家和地区食品生产经营者后续观察义务的立法经验及食品安全相关制度。域外国家具有较完善的食品生产经营者后续观察义务法律体系且履行该义务的保障机制健全。第五部分从三个方面提出对我国食品生产经营者后续观察义务的完善建议。包括加强食品生产经营者后续观察义务本身的理论完善和法律体系建设,建立食品生产经营者后观察义务的民事责任体系,完善食品溯源体系建设和落实食品安全强制责任保险制度。
[Abstract]:Food producers and operators are the first person responsible for food safety, and the duty of follow-up observation is an important embodiment of food safety responsibility. The following observation obligation of food producers and operators extends the duty of attention to food safety to the field of food circulation, which is of great significance to the protection of public safety and the protection of the interests of consumers. China's laws and regulations on food producers and operators follow-up observation obligations are not perfect, the system is not perfect. Based on the present situation of follow-up observation obligation of food producers and operators in China, this paper summarizes and draws lessons from its valuable experience by investigating the legislation and relevant systems of food producers and operators in foreign countries and regions. The text consists of five parts. The first part describes the basic theory of the following observation obligation of food producers and operators. The duty of follow-up observation by food producers and operators refers to the continuing observation, tracking, collection and reporting of food safety information by food producers and operators who have entered the field of circulation, and shall, if necessary, take warnings. The obligation to recall and other remedies. The main contents include the duty of food tracking and observation, the duty of warning after sale and the duty of food recall, which are performed by food producers and operators in the field of food circulation. The content belongs to the category of obligation in the nature of law, and it is legal obligation, which has the dual attribute of public law and private law. The second part mainly analyzes the legislation status of the follow-up observation obligation of food producers and operators in China. In our country, the main body, type, condition, legal liability and the premise and legal liability of the duty of food recall are mainly stipulated in the content of the duty of follow-up observation of food producers and operators. The third part discusses that there are six main problems in the follow-up observation obligation of food producers and operators in China, which are the lack of provisions on the duty of food follow-up observation, the imperfect legal norms of the duty of warning after sale, the imperfect legal provisions on the obligation of food recall, and the deficiency of the legal provisions on the obligation of food recall. The traceability system of food safety is not perfect, the compulsory liability insurance of food safety is imperfect and the responsibility of food producers and operators after violating this obligation is to pay more attention to administration than to civil affairs. The fourth part mainly studies the legislation experience and food safety related system of food producers and operators in the European Union, Japan and the United States and other foreign countries and regions. Foreign countries have a perfect legal system of follow-up observation obligation of food producers and operators and a sound guarantee mechanism for fulfilling this obligation. In the fifth part, the author puts forward some suggestions on the following observation duty of food producers and operators in China from three aspects. Including strengthening the theoretical perfection and legal system construction of the follow-up observation obligation of the food producers and operators, and establishing the civil liability system of the post-observation obligation of the food producers and operators. Perfect food traceability system construction and implement food safety compulsory liability insurance system.
【学位授予单位】：海南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D922.16;F203;F426.82

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