论行政立法的内部监督

发布时间：2018-04-26 00:42

本文选题：行政立法 + 行政机关　；参考：《延边大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：不论是在理论上还是在实践中,一个完整的行政立法监督都包含外部监督和行政系统内部的监督两个方面,二者是相辅相成的,缺少了任何一个方面,行政立法的内部监督都很难完整的发挥其应有的监督作用,在我国,对于行政立法的监督主要是通过权力机关的监督,司法机关的监督以及社会公民及媒体舆论等方式来实现,但是在实践中,这些外部监督方式都存在其局限性,比如说权力机关的监督,对于行政立法,其制定机关是行政机关而不是权力机关,权力机关针对专业性较强的行政领域内的立法很难实现专业的监督,而且在我国行政立法的数量已经远远多于权力机关立法的数量,要权力机关针对庞大的行政立法实现全方位的监督基本上是不可能实现的,权力机关的工作重点也不是对于行政立法的监督；作为司法机关的监督而言,要实现真正意义上的监督也是不可能的,从我国目前的实际情况来看,司法权并没有实现真正的独立,司法权的行使还是会受到行政权或者其它权力的干涉,这样的情形下,实现司法机关对行政立法的监督基本上也不现实；而作为社会公众以及媒体舆论,其监督也是一种事后的监督,因为社会公众对于行政立法的背景,过程等立法相关事项都不了解,监督效果也不明显。这些外在的监督方式通常只能解决立法中的表面或者说浅层次的问题,并不能深入到立法中的内部或者深层次来实现监督,传统观点一般都认为实现行政立法的监督主要是依靠外部的监督力量,往往忽略行政系统的内部监督,然而实际上,想要真正实现全面的行政立法监督,除了要发挥外部的监督,更重要的是要加强和发挥行政立法的内部监督,通常来说,行政立法的内部监督是一种行政机关的自我纠错制度,包括上下级行政机关之间,领导者和被领导者之间的相互监督,这是行政机关内部的一种自我检查,自我预防的机制,它的直接性,高效性和专业性能够节约成本,提高效率,使得监督的积极效果最大化。本文主要研究的问题就是行政立法的内部监督,分析行政立法的含义,特征,指出我国现在内部监督的现状和存在的问题,并借鉴学习国外几个典型国家及我国台湾地区的经验,提出几点建议来完善我国的行政立法内部监督。行政立法的内部监督还存在很多的问题,加强行政内部监督还会遇到很多的阻碍,但是加强和完善行政立法内部监督是我国社会主义法治国家建设的必然要求,也是我国和谐社会建设的题中之意,所以完善行政立法的内部监督势在必行。
[Abstract]:Whether in theory or in practice, a complete supervision of administrative legislation includes two aspects: external supervision and internal supervision of administrative system. The two aspects complement each other and lack any one aspect. The internal supervision of administrative legislation is very difficult to give full play to its proper supervisory role. In our country, the supervision of administrative legislation is mainly realized through the supervision of power organs, the supervision of judicial organs, the social citizens and media public opinion, etc. However, in practice, these external ways of supervision all have their limitations. For example, supervision by power organs. For administrative legislation, its formulation organs are administrative organs rather than power organs. It is very difficult for the power organs to carry out professional supervision for the legislation in the specialized administrative field. Moreover, the number of the administrative legislation in our country is far more than the number of the legislation of the power organs. It is basically impossible for the power organs to achieve omni-directional supervision over the huge administrative legislation, and the focus of the work of the power organs is not on the supervision of the administrative legislation; as the supervision of the judicial organs, It is also impossible to realize supervision in the true sense. Judging from the actual situation in our country, judicial power is not truly independent, and the exercise of judicial power will still be interfered with by the executive power or other powers. Under such circumstances, It is also basically unrealistic to realize the supervision of administrative legislation by the judicial organs. As the public and media public opinion, its supervision is also a kind of post-mortem supervision, because the social public has a background to the administrative legislation. Process and other legislation-related matters are not understood, the effect of supervision is not obvious. These external supervision methods usually only solve the superficial or superficial problems in legislation, and cannot go deep into the internal or deep level of legislation to realize supervision. The traditional view generally holds that the supervision of administrative legislation is mainly dependent on external supervisory power, and often neglects the internal supervision of administrative system. However, in fact, it is necessary to realize the comprehensive supervision of administrative legislation. In addition to external supervision, it is more important to strengthen and give full play to the internal supervision of administrative legislation. Generally speaking, internal supervision of administrative legislation is a self-correcting system of administrative organs, including between upper and lower administrative organs. The mutual supervision between the leader and the leader is a kind of self-examination and self-prevention mechanism within the administration. Its directness, efficiency and professionalism can save costs and improve efficiency. It maximizes the positive effect of supervision. This paper mainly studies the internal supervision of administrative legislation, analyzes the meaning and characteristics of administrative legislation, and points out the present situation and existing problems of internal supervision in China. Based on the experience of several typical foreign countries and Taiwan region, this paper puts forward some suggestions to perfect the internal supervision of administrative legislation in our country. There are still many problems in the internal supervision of administrative legislation, and many obstacles will be encountered in strengthening the internal supervision of administrative legislation. However, strengthening and perfecting the internal supervision of administrative legislation is an inevitable requirement for the construction of a socialist country ruled by law in our country. It is also the meaning of the construction of harmonious society in China, so it is imperative to perfect the internal supervision of administrative legislation.
【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.1

【参考文献】