志愿者人身权益保护制度研究

发布时间：2018-05-06 20:50

本文选题：志愿者 + 人身权益　；参考：《广东外语外贸大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：志愿者服务，在古罗马或者更早时期是一种宗教慈善性质的活动。而现代志愿服务则起源于19世纪初，当时，，欧美等国的宗教慈善活动已有一定规模，一些国家率先动员和征召了志愿人员从事与社会福利有关的工作。19世纪末至20世纪初，欧美等国的社会福利事业得到迅速发展，并先后通过了《志愿服务法》《志愿者保护法》《志愿工作法》等一系列法案。在二次世界大战以后，各国志愿者开展了义务服务活动，对于重建家园、发展经济和促进社会文明进步等方面都发挥了一定的作用。为此，1985年第40届联合国大会通过决议，确定每年12月5日为“国际志愿人员日”，许多国家及政府都在这天举办各种活动，大力宣传、赞扬和倡导志愿者为社会义务服务的重要作用与奉献精神。至此，志愿服务领域扩大到了社会生活的各个层面，并且成为一种广泛性的社会服务工作与调整社会结构与社会关系的重要力量。在我国，志愿服务开始于上世纪80年代的社区志愿者，随后90年代共青团中央组织成立了中国青年志愿者协会，我国的志愿服务开始兴起并迅速发展。通过奥运会、汶川大地震及世博会等重大事件中志愿者的优异表现可以看出，志愿者服务事业在我国社会进步中的作用日益显现。然而，通过调查我们发现，志愿者在服务的过程中却屡屡遭受人身权益的侵害和救济的困难，许多志愿者在付出生命和血泪的代价后，常常无人问津、得不到补偿。这种及其尴尬的境遇不仅日益影响着者志愿者们的热情，也同样影响着全国人民对志愿服务的信任，进而影响了整个志愿服务事业的可持续发展。因此，如何切实保障志愿者人身权益，如何实现对志愿者的救济，就成为了我国志愿服务事业发展重要问题。而构建统一规范的志愿者人身权益保护法律制度、科学合理的管理机制和权利保障体系，则具有最为重要的研究意义。本文在概括和分析了我国志愿者人身权益保护所存在的相关问题的基础上，深入研究了国外有关志愿者人身权益保护的立法与实践经验，借以总结他们各自的优势与特点，与我国现实中的立法与实践情况加以对比，为完善我国志愿者人身权益保护制度做出了构想，望对于我国志愿服务事业的发展有所裨益。
[Abstract]:Volunteer service was a religious charity in ancient Rome or earlier. Modern voluntary service originated in the early 19th century, when religious charity activities in Europe and the United States and other countries were already on a certain scale. Some countries took the lead in mobilizing and conscripting volunteers for work related to social welfare from the end of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century. Social welfare has developed rapidly in Europe and America, and has passed a series of bills such as the Voluntary Service Law, the Volunteer Protection Law, the Voluntary work Law, and so on. After World War II, volunteers from all over the world carried out voluntary service activities, which played a certain role in rebuilding their homes, developing economy and promoting social civilization and progress. To that end, the General Assembly, at its fortieth session, in 1985, adopted a resolution establishing 5 December of each year as the International Volunteer Day, on which many countries and governments held various events to promote and publicize it, To praise and advocate the important role and dedication of volunteers in voluntary service to society. So far, the field of voluntary service has expanded to all levels of social life, and has become an important force in the extensive work of social service and the adjustment of social structure and social relations. In China, voluntary service began in the 1980s community volunteers, then in the 1990s the Communist Youth League Central Organization established the Chinese Youth volunteers Association, China's voluntary service began to rise and develop rapidly. Through the Olympic Games, Wenchuan earthquake and World Expo and other major events, the excellent performance of volunteers can be seen, the role of volunteer service in China's social progress is increasingly apparent. However, through the investigation, we found that the volunteers in the process of service has been repeatedly violated by personal rights and relief difficulties, many volunteers in the cost of life and blood and tears, often no one care, can not be compensated. This embarrassing situation not only affects the enthusiasm of volunteers, but also affects the trust of the people in the whole country, and then affects the sustainable development of the whole voluntary service. Therefore, how to ensure the personal rights and interests of volunteers and how to realize the relief of volunteers has become an important issue in the development of voluntary service in China. It is of the most important significance to construct a unified and standardized legal system for the protection of the personal rights of volunteers, a scientific and reasonable management mechanism and a system of protection of rights. On the basis of summarizing and analyzing the problems existing in the protection of the personal rights and interests of volunteers in China, this paper makes a deep study on the legislation and practical experience of the protection of the personal rights and interests of volunteers abroad in order to sum up their respective advantages and characteristics. Comparing with the legislation and practice in our country, this paper makes a conception to perfect the system of protecting the personal rights and interests of the volunteers in our country, and hopes that it will benefit the development of the voluntary service in our country.
【学位授予单位】：广东外语外贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.182;D923

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