论行政相对人的程序权利

发布时间：2018-05-09 15:23

本文选题：行政相对人 + 程序权利　；参考：《辽宁大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着法治文明的不断进步,行政相对人程序权利的地位日渐增高,行政相对人的程序性权利,是行政法一个重要的范畴,其中包括程序介入权、平等对待权、信息获取权、说明理由权、辩论权、协商处置权、请求救济权、拒绝权。行政相对人的程序权利具有趋利的间接性、可诉性等基本属性,程序的设立不单是为了保障实体权利的实现,其更直接的强调了尊重相对人作为自主、理性的主体参与到行政过程中,捍卫自己的权利,得到心理满足的独立价值。行政相对人程序权利的保护还存在一定的问题,如行政相对人的程序权利尚未被行政法制度系统性认可、尚未正式进入行政法权利义务关系体系、行政相对人的程序权利的保障尚无有效的法律机制、行政相对人程序权利的可执行性低、行政相对人的事前和事中程序权利被忽视。所以,对行政相对人程序权利的保护必须建立有效的途径:树立尊重程序价值的意识、实现行政程序法典化、扩大行政相对人程序权利的范围、明确行政主体的程序义务和责任机制、完善公权力的即时救济和私权利的即时救济。完善行政相对人的程序性权利的保障更好的实现实体性权利必然要求,也是使整个行政权利义务体系逐步趋于完整的必经之路,对行政相对人程序性权利的保障的重要性则不言而喻,无救济则无权利,任何没有救济途径的权利不能堪称为权利。程序权利不仅有保障实体权益实现的功能,更有其独立的价值,进而要从制度上根本的维护行政相对人的程序权利。自1990年我国《行政诉讼法》出台以来,对于行政相对人程序权利的救济有了相当性的进步,随着复议、听证、信息公开等制度的逐步完善,行政相对人选择救济的途径也越发多样化,进步虽然值得圈点,但在行政法律法规及行政法实践中仍然存在相当大的缺失,正如前文所述,行政法治体系庞大而复杂的特质导致了其滞后性的特点,其不但落后于我国整体法律格局的发展,更是落后于我国飞速进步的经济,因此行政相对人的权利迟迟不能得到完好的保护,行政腐败现象层出不穷,因此对于权利的救济问题亟待解决,需要实现行政程序法典化、扩大行政相对人程序权利的范围、明确行政主体的程序义务和责任机制、完善公权力的即时救济和私权利的即时救济。
[Abstract]:With the continuous progress of the civilization of rule of law, the status of procedural rights of administrative counterpart is increasing day by day. The procedural rights of administrative counterpart are an important category of administrative law, including the right of procedural intervention, the right of equal treatment and the right of obtaining information. The right to reason, the right to debate, the right to negotiate, the right to request relief, the right to refuse. The procedural rights of the administrative counterpart have the basic attributes of indirect benefit and actionable. The establishment of the procedure is not only to guarantee the realization of the substantive rights, but also to pay more direct attention to respecting the relative person as autonomy. The rational subject participates in the administrative process, defends its own rights and obtains the independent value of psychological satisfaction. There are still some problems in the protection of the procedural rights of the administrative counterpart. For example, the procedural rights of the administrative counterpart have not been systematically recognized by the administrative law system, nor have they formally entered the system of the relationship between the rights and obligations of the administrative law. There is no effective legal mechanism to guarantee the procedural rights of the administrative counterpart, the executive ability of the procedural rights of the administrative counterpart is low, and the procedural rights in advance and in the matter of the administrative counterpart are ignored. Therefore, the protection of the procedural right of the administrative counterpart must establish an effective way: to establish the consciousness of respecting the procedural value, to realize the codification of the administrative procedure, and to expand the scope of the procedural right of the administrative counterpart. Make clear the procedure obligation and responsibility mechanism of the administrative subject, perfect the immediate relief of the public power and the immediate relief of the private right. It is necessary to perfect the procedural rights of administrative counterpart to realize the substantive rights, which is the only way to make the whole system of administrative rights and obligations more complete. The importance of safeguarding the procedural rights of administrative counterpart is self-evident, without relief, there is no right, any right without remedy can not be regarded as right. Procedural right not only has the function of protecting substantive rights and interests, but also has its independent value. Since the promulgation of the Administrative Litigation Law in 1990, there has been considerable progress in the relief of the procedural rights of the administrative counterpart. With the gradual improvement of the system of reconsideration, hearing, information disclosure, and so on, The administrative counterpart has more and more diversified ways of choosing relief. Although the progress is worth making a circle, there are still considerable deficiencies in the administrative laws and regulations and the practice of administrative law, just as mentioned above. The large and complex characteristics of the administrative rule of law system lead to its lagging characteristics, which not only lags behind the development of the overall legal structure of our country, but also lags behind the rapid progress of the economy of our country. As a result, the rights of the administrative counterpart cannot be well protected, and the phenomenon of administrative corruption emerges in endlessly. Therefore, the relief of the right needs to be solved urgently. It is necessary to realize the codification of the administrative procedure and to expand the scope of the procedural rights of the administrative counterpart. Make clear the procedure obligation and responsibility mechanism of the administrative subject, perfect the immediate relief of the public power and the immediate relief of the private right.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.1

【参考文献】