我国代孕的合法化边界及法律规制研究

发布时间：2018-05-10 12:04

本文选题：代孕 + 合法化　；参考：《南京师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在中国,血缘观念根深蒂固,正所谓“不孝有三,无后为大”,传宗接代一直是国人眼中的头等大事儿。自1996年中国第一例由代孕母亲孕育的试管婴儿诞生,代孕技术作为一项尖端科技以惊人的发展速度,迅速出现在国人的生活。现在,我们只要在网上搜索“代孕”两个字,就会弹出几百万条相关信息。代孕中介更如雨后春笋般迅速兴起,代孕母亲逐渐形成一种职业,她们生存于法律的真空地带、游走在人伦与道德的边缘。代孕技术作为试管婴儿技术的延伸,除了给没有生育能力的夫妻带来福音外,也给传统的自然生殖方式带来了剧烈冲击,同时也引起了伦理与法律的窘困,给社会、家庭、民众带来了一系列的困扰。因此,立足我国国情,对代孕的传统观点进行反思,借鉴域外已经成熟的法律规范制定相应的法律法规来限制代孕行为,规范代孕市场,保护各方的合法权益,对维护社会秩序、保障弱势群体的利益具有重大的理论意义和实践价值。除引言和结语外,本文分为四个部分:第一部分,代孕概述。从学界对代孕的不同见解、代孕的基本特征以及与相关概念的比较中界定代孕的含义,分别阐述代孕的不同种类,对代孕的基本理论问题进行全面介绍。第二部分,国内外代孕问题立法例比较分析及其经验启示。通过对域外及我国港台地区代孕立法的比较研究,总结域外相关法律制度对我国立法的启示,指出完善现行立法的迫切性。第三部分,分析我国代孕合法化的边界。论述代孕行为有其正当性和合理性,应该以理性、宽容的态度对其现实必要性进行研究分析,在不违反公序良俗原则的前提下,对符合条件的代孕进行法律保护。第四部分,我国代孕合法化的法律规制。从立法的原则、代孕协议的规制、代孕子女亲子关系的认定、代孕监管制度四个方面提出了自己的制度构想,以期对我国代孕法律规制的完善有所助益。
[Abstract]:In China, the idea of kinship is so ingrained that "there are three unfilial piety, no later is big," and it has always been the top priority in the eyes of Chinese people. Since 1996, when the first IVF was conceived by surrogate mothers in China, surrogate technology, as a cutting-edge technology, has rapidly appeared in the life of Chinese people. Now, if we search for surrogacy online, millions of messages will pop up. Surrogate agents sprang up rapidly, and surrogate mothers gradually formed a profession, they lived in the vacuum of the law and walked on the edge of human relations and morality. As an extension of IVF technology, surrogacy technology not only brings good news to couples who are unable to reproduce, but also has a severe impact on traditional natural reproduction methods. It also causes ethical and legal embarrassment, and gives society and families. The public brought a series of troubles. Therefore, based on the situation of our country, we should reflect on the traditional viewpoint of surrogacy, draw lessons from the mature laws and regulations and make corresponding laws and regulations to restrict surrogacy behavior, standardize surrogacy market, and protect the legitimate rights and interests of all parties. It is of great theoretical significance and practical value for maintaining social order and protecting the interests of vulnerable groups. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, this paper is divided into four parts: the first part, the overview of surrogate pregnancy. This paper defines the meanings of surrogacy from the different opinions of academic circles, the basic characteristics of surrogacy and the comparison with related concepts, expounds the different types of surrogacy, and introduces the basic theoretical problems of surrogacy in an all-round way. The second part, the domestic and foreign surrogacy legislative case comparison analysis and the experience enlightenment. Based on the comparative study of surrogacy legislation in Hong Kong and Taiwan, this paper summarizes the enlightenment of foreign relevant legal system to the legislation of our country, and points out the urgency of perfecting the current legislation. The third part analyzes the boundary of the legalization of surrogacy in China. It is necessary to study and analyze the necessity of surrogacy in a rational and tolerant manner, and to protect the surrogacy according to the conditions of surrogacy on the premise of not violating the principle of public order and good custom. The fourth part, the legal regulation of the legalization of surrogacy in our country. From the legislative principles, the regulation of surrogacy agreement, the determination of parent-child relationship of surrogate children, and the supervision system of surrogate pregnancy, the author puts forward his own system conception, which is expected to be helpful to the perfection of legal regulation on surrogate pregnancy in China.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.16

【参考文献】