劳动者的忠实义务研究

发布时间：2018-05-10 12:20

本文选题：劳动者 + 忠实义务　；参考：《西南大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：忠实,忠诚可靠,厚道老实。作为社会人,每个人在社会生活的各个领域、方方面面都应做到忠实。忠实这个词语,在社会早期的时候,在更多意义上,其存在是被当作为一种道德要求的,而社会是一直在发展进步的,随着社会中公共职责的实现、社会共同体的产生以及契约履行过程中的要求,这种忠实慢慢的演变成为了一种法律义务。在劳动法领域也不例外。而对于劳动合同来说,其并不仅简单的是一份当事人双方约定权利义务的一纸契约,还拥有着其他一般的民事契约没有的人身属性在其中。劳动合同最核心的内容即:劳动者们通过其进行劳动行为,然后雇佣其的用人单位给付给他们一定的金钱作为报酬。通过签订劳动合同,用人单位在一期间内获得了劳动力使用权,而劳动行为只能由劳动者亲自履行,若用人单位不能对劳动者进行合理范围和限度内的指挥、命令、管理,用人单位的权利将无法实现。劳动关系的信赖和继续性也要求劳动关系双方当事人的忠实。劳动者的忠实义务能给用人单位一种安全,可信的心理预期,使得劳动关系更加的融洽。对于劳动者的忠实义务,在劳动关系理论发展较早的西方发达国家已经形成一套较为成熟的制度理论。英国、瑞典、加拿大、德国等许多西方国家以及我们国家的台湾地区也都是通过或法律或者判例的方式确定了劳动者的忠实义务。反观我国的劳动法及劳动关系领域,对于劳动者忠实义务的研究和立法还较为落后。一方面,我国劳动法并未将劳动者的忠实义务作为一项单独、明确的内容加以规制,而仅仅只是以特别规定的方式设计到了属于劳动者忠实义务的少部分内容;而从另一方面来说,我国现有的研究劳动关系双方的权利义务的内容,其实绝大部分也只是在研究劳动者权利和用人单位的义务而已,存在相当多的一些问题和不足。并且目前看来,在现有的研究中对劳动者作为合同一方当事人所应该承担的相应的责任和义务,笔者认为还少之又少,且在屈指可数的与劳动者忠实义务相关的研究内容之中,对于劳动者忠实义务的一些根本性质、具体内容等许多很基本的问题的一些看法也存在着许多争议和分歧。而现如今,劳动者的忠实义务涉及到的是劳动关系双方的根本利益,如若处理不当的话,对劳动者和用人单位的根本利益造成相当大的侵犯和损失不说。笔者以为这种情况还很有可能影响到我国的和谐的劳动关系的大环境,对构建和谐社会造成损害,那么与我国想要构建和谐劳动关系的政策方针就更加南辕北辙了。如此一来的话,对于劳动者忠实义务的研究,就其现状和存在的问题进行分析和完善,在如今的情况看来,笔者认为是非常有必要的。
[Abstract]:Faithful, faithful and reliable, honest and honest. As a social person, everyone should be faithful in every field of social life. The word "faithful", in the early days of society, was more likely to be seen as a moral requirement, and society had been developing and advancing, with the realization of public duties in society. The emergence of the social community and the requirements of the performance of the contract, this loyalty slowly evolved into a legal obligation. In the field of labor law is no exception. For the labor contract, it is not only a contract between the parties to agree on rights and obligations, but also has other general civil contract in which there is no personal attributes. The core content of the labor contract is that the laborer carries on the labor behavior through it, and then the employer pays them some money as the reward. Through the signing of a labor contract, the employing unit has obtained the right to use the labor force within a certain period of time, and the labor behavior can only be performed by the laborer himself. If the employer is unable to direct, order, and manage the laborer within a reasonable scope and limits, The right of the employer will not be realized. The trust and continuance of labor relations also require the loyalty of both parties. Laborer's duty of loyalty can give employer a kind of safe, credible psychological expectation, make labor relations more harmonious. For the duty of loyalty of workers, a set of more mature system theory has been formed in the western developed countries, where the theory of labor relations developed earlier. Britain, Sweden, Canada, Germany and many other Western countries, as well as our country's Taiwan region, have also adopted laws or precedents to determine workers' obligations of loyalty. In the field of labor law and labor relations, the research and legislation of laborer's duty of loyalty are relatively backward. On the one hand, the labor law of our country does not regulate the faithful duty of the laborer as a separate and definite content, but only designs to a small part of the laborer's faithful obligation in the way of special stipulation. On the other hand, the content of the research on the rights and obligations of both sides of labor relations in our country, in fact, most of them are only studying the rights of workers and the obligations of employers, and there are quite a lot of problems and deficiencies. And at present, in the existing research, the corresponding responsibilities and obligations that the laborer should undertake as a party to the contract are very few, and among the few research contents related to the laborer's duty of loyalty, There are also many controversies and differences on some basic issues, such as the fundamental nature and concrete content of the laborer's duty of loyalty. Nowadays, the duty of loyalty of workers involves the fundamental interests of both sides of labor relations, if handled improperly, it will cause considerable encroachment and loss on the fundamental interests of workers and employers. The author thinks that this kind of situation is likely to affect the environment of harmonious labor relations in our country and damage the construction of harmonious society, so it is even more diametrically different from the policy policy of building harmonious labor relations in our country. In this way, the author thinks that it is very necessary to analyze and perfect the present situation and the existing problems in the study of laborer's duty of loyalty.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.5

【参考文献】