我国转基因食品法律规制研究

发布时间：2018-05-17 13:03

  本文选题：转基因食品 + 法律规制　； 参考：《上海大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：转基因食品是科技发展的新兴产物,它的出现对降低生产成本、促进粮食增产等都发挥着积极作用。鉴于转基因食品的潜在致害风险尚未得到科学证实,在转基因食品发展过程中,对其安全性的争议也持续不断。于是,如何对转基因食品进行法律规制,为转基因食品安全保驾护航,成为各国积极探索的关键问题。由此,衍生出以美国为代表的“宽松包容”模式、以欧盟为代表的“严格谨慎”模式以及日本的折衷模式等。事实上,各国对转基因食品法律规制模式的探索,都立足于本国的实际和利益的综合考量。而我国既是转基因食品的进口大国,又是转基因技术相对欠发达的国家。因而,我国对转基因食品的法律规制既不能完全像美国那样宽松包容,也不能像欧盟绝对的严格谨慎。我们需要结合中国转基因食品发展的实际,坚持中国特色,摒弃“拿来主义”,开辟出适合我国转基因食品发展与安全保障的法律规制新路径。基于以上考虑,本篇先从认识转基因食品的基本概念、分类着手,深入剖析我国转基因食品法律规制的现状与不足,继而在比较和学习域外经验的基础上,围绕立法、监管、信息公开、法律责任四个层面,为我国转基因食品法律规制的完善路径积极建言献策。
[Abstract]:Genetically modified food (GMF) is a new product of scientific and technological development, which plays a positive role in reducing production cost and increasing grain production. In view of the fact that the potential risk of GMF has not been scientifically confirmed, the controversy on its safety has continued in the development of GMF. As a result, how to regulate and protect GM food by law has become a key issue for all countries to explore actively. As a result, the "loose tolerance" model represented by the United States, the "strict caution" model represented by the European Union and the compromise model of Japan are derived. In fact, the exploration of the legal regulation mode of GM food is based on the comprehensive consideration of their own reality and interests. China is not only the import country of GM food, but also the underdeveloped country of GM technology. Therefore, China's legal regulation on GM food is neither as lenient as the United States nor as strict and prudent as the European Union. We need to combine the reality of the development of transgenic food in China, adhere to the Chinese characteristics, abandon the "doctrine of taking advantage", and open up a new path of legal regulation suitable for the development and safety of genetically modified food in China. Based on the above considerations, this paper begins with the understanding of the basic concept of genetically modified food, classifies, deeply analyzes the current situation and deficiencies of the legal regulation of transgenic food in China, and then, on the basis of comparing and studying the extraterritorial experience, revolves around legislation and supervision. The four levels of information disclosure and legal responsibility provide suggestions for perfecting the legal regulation of genetically modified foods in China.
【学位授予单位】：上海大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.16
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本文编号：1901486