我国扶贫立法研究

发布时间：2018-05-25 04:32

本文选题：扶贫 + 扶贫法　；参考：《广西师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：步入21世纪以来,我国政府在减贫事业上取得了举世瞩目的成就。我国农村贫困人口从2000年的9422万人,减少到2016年年底的4000万人,贫困标准从每年865元提高到每年3000元。作为第一个提前实现《联合国千年宣言》贫困人口减半的发展中国家,中国为全世界的减贫事业做出了巨大的贡献。我国减贫事业取得的成就毋庸置疑,但与此同时,扶贫对象识别不够精准,且国家扶贫对象范围不够明确,贫困认定和脱贫考核缺乏行之有效的标准以及扶贫资金的管理和使用总是出现问题等,这反映了我国的扶贫事业仍然面临着巨大的挑战,因此深入扶贫法律制度理论研究,推进扶贫立法显得尤为重要。本文通过对现有扶贫法律制度的理论基础进行研究,深入部分贫困村进行实地调研并参考国家统计局和中华人民共和国审计署的统计数据,对我国扶贫工作中存在的法律问题进行了分析,并提出了相应的对策以期完善我国的扶贫法律制度。本文分为五个部分:第一部分,我国扶贫立法概述,通过对贫困和扶贫法的内涵和外延进行为切入点,提出扶贫立法,在分析扶贫法的法域归属同时分别与社会救助法、慈善法做比较;第二部分,分析我国扶贫立法的必要性与可行性;第三部分,通过对我国现行扶贫法律制度的综述,并结合笔者实际观察到的具体情况分析我国当前扶贫法律制度存在的问题;第四部分,主要通过介绍美国和日本的扶贫立法,分析两国的立法经验,以期为我国的扶贫立法提供帮助;第五部分,对我国扶贫立法的建议,本文希望通过对明确扶贫义务主体及其职责,扶贫对象及其认定标准,扶贫对象的权利和义务,建立社会主体扶贫监督机制以及完善我国扶贫资金法监管这几个方面提出立法建议,希望能更好的完善我国扶贫制度的顶层设计。
[Abstract]:Since the beginning of the 21 st century, our government has made remarkable achievements in poverty reduction. The number of rural poor in China has decreased from 94.22 million in 2000 to 40 million at the end of 2016, and the poverty standard has been raised from 865 yuan per year to 3000 yuan per year. As the first developing country to halve the number of people living in poverty in advance of the UN Millennium Declaration, China has made great contributions to poverty reduction in the world. There is no doubt about the achievements of poverty reduction in China, but at the same time, the identification of the targets of poverty alleviation is not accurate enough, and the scope of the country's poverty reduction targets is not clear enough. The lack of effective standards for the identification of poverty and the assessment of poverty alleviation, as well as the problems in the management and use of poverty alleviation funds, etc., reflect that the cause of poverty alleviation in China is still facing enormous challenges. Therefore, the theoretical research on the legal system of poverty alleviation is deeply studied. It is particularly important to push forward the legislation on poverty alleviation. In this paper, the theoretical basis of the existing poverty alleviation legal system is studied, and some poor villages are investigated in the field, and the statistical data of the National Bureau of Statistics and the Audit Office of the people's Republic of China are consulted. This paper analyzes the legal problems existing in the work of helping the poor in our country, and puts forward the corresponding countermeasures in order to perfect the legal system of poverty alleviation in our country. This paper is divided into five parts: the first part is an overview of poverty alleviation legislation in China. Through the connotation and extension of poverty and poverty alleviation law as a starting point, the paper puts forward poverty alleviation legislation, and analyzes the jurisdiction of poverty alleviation law and social assistance law respectively. The second part analyzes the necessity and feasibility of anti-poverty legislation in our country. The third part, through the summary of the current poverty alleviation legal system of our country, In the fourth part, by introducing the anti-poverty legislation of the United States and Japan, the author analyzes the legislative experience of the two countries. In order to provide help for the anti-poverty legislation of our country; part five, to the suggestion of the anti-poverty legislation of our country, this paper hopes to make clear the main body of the obligation of helping the poor and its duty, the object of helping the poor and its identifying standard, the rights and obligations of the object of poverty alleviation. In order to improve the top-level design of poverty alleviation system in China, the author puts forward some legislative suggestions on the establishment of supervision mechanism of poverty alleviation by social subjects and the improvement of the supervision of poverty alleviation fund law in China.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.1

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