行政处罚中比例原则适用实例研究

发布时间：2018-06-03 16:27

本文选题：行政处罚 + 比例原则　；参考：《黑龙江大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：行政处罚是行政机关行使职权,管理社会事务的一个重要方式,由于社会生活的快速发展,以及法律自身的局限性,行政机关在行使行政处罚等行政权力的时候不可避免的要行使自由裁量权。自由裁量权的不当行使会损害行政相对人的合法权益和社会公共利益,比例原则中包含的适当性原则,必要性原则和均衡性原则三个子原则,可以从目的和手段方面有效控制行政处罚自由裁量权的行使。文章以立法,执法,司法三个角度探讨比例原则在行政处罚中的适用。在立法中介绍了引入比例原则的必要性,以及行政一般法和行政单行立法中有关比例原则的相关法律法规。针对立法中存在的问题,提出完善建议。在执法部分,分析比例原则适用的重要性和存在的问题,执法人员的素质不高,以及对行政执法目的的歪曲都容易导致自由裁量权的滥用,针对这些问题提出完善建议。在司法部分,通过经典案例引入比例原则在司法适用中的现状,以新修订的《行政诉讼法》中体现比例原则的具体规定来论述司法审查行政处罚适用比例原则的制度支撑。
[Abstract]:Administrative punishment is an important way for administrative organs to exercise their functions and powers and manage social affairs. Due to the rapid development of social life and the limitations of the law itself, Administrative organs inevitably exercise discretion when exercising administrative power such as administrative punishment. The improper exercise of discretion will damage the legitimate rights and interests of the administrative counterpart and the public interests of the society. The principle of proportionality includes the principle of appropriateness, the principle of necessity and the principle of balance. It can effectively control the exercise of administrative punishment discretion in terms of ends and means. This paper discusses the application of the principle of proportionality in administrative punishment from the perspectives of legislation, law enforcement and judicature. This paper introduces the necessity of introducing the principle of proportionality in legislation, and the relevant laws and regulations concerning the principle of proportion in the general law of administration and in the separate legislation of administration. In view of the existing problems in the legislation, some suggestions are put forward. In the part of law enforcement, the importance and problems of the application of the principle of proportionality are analyzed, the quality of law enforcement personnel is not high, and the distortion of the purpose of administrative law enforcement is apt to lead to the abuse of discretion. In the judicial part, the author introduces the current situation of the principle of proportionality in the judicial application through classical cases, and discusses the system support of the principle of proportionality applied to the administrative punishment under judicial review with the concrete provisions of the principle of proportionality embodied in the newly revised Administrative procedure Law.
【学位授予单位】：黑龙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D922.1

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