澳大利亚太阳能利用的法律制度研究

发布时间：2018-06-16 18:04

本文选题：澳大利亚 + 太阳能证书运行机制　；参考：《辽宁大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着美国墨西哥湾石油泄露以及日本核辐射的发生,传统能源对环境造成污染的弊端日益显现。近年来,阿拉伯和中东地区常年发生动荡,导致诸如石油等传统能源的价格起伏不定。在这样的时代背景下,以太阳能为代表的可再生能源的优点显得更为突出。作为世界上第一个提出“可再生能源目标”的国家,澳大利亚通过“太阳能证书的运行机制”和“太阳能激励制度”,不仅为太阳能的利用制定总量目标,还对其太阳能产业进行补贴。通过一系列法律与政策支持发展,促进了太阳能的利用和太阳能市场的繁荣,大大领先于其他可再生能源的发展。为了平衡太阳能与其他可再生能源的比例,避免盛极而衰的太阳能产业,澳大利亚政府还降低了补贴乘数,以统筹清洁能源的协调发展。因此,澳大利亚正在实现由传统能源产业向新能源产业的转型。能源法律的趋同化和中澳两国相似的能源结构,使得借鉴澳大利亚的成功经验对我国有重要的借鉴意义。相较于澳大利亚对太阳能产业的大力扶植,目前中国针对太阳能光伏产业的优惠存还处于初步阶段,其缺点主要体现在以下两方面:第一,中国未能出台国家性的政策以促进太阳能的发展;第二,中国未将财税的制定权下放,由此导致国内出现了发展光伏产业的过度投资、重复建设与资源浪费的结果。作为主要的能源消费国,作者认为:中国应向澳大利亚的产业政策学习,由联邦政府部门统筹管理的同时,也允许地方政府部门因地制宜,根据当地情况适当调整财税激励政策,从而完善财税激励制度,培育太阳能市场,促进太阳能的利用。本文的创新点在于结合“MT公司不当创制太阳能证书案”,分析澳大利亚太阳能证书的创制问题,对太阳能证书的创制、流转的相关规定和实施现状进行介绍,指出运行机制当中的法律责任问题,并阐明太阳能证书运行机制对中国的借鉴意义。从而为促进中国太阳能证书市场的流通和规范提供帮助,促进中国太阳能的利用。
[Abstract]:With the oil spill in the US Gulf of Mexico and the occurrence of nuclear radiation in Japan, the disadvantages of traditional energy pollution to the environment have become increasingly apparent. In recent years, the Arab and Middle East region has suffered from years of turmoil, leading to volatile prices of traditional energy sources such as oil. Under the background of this era, the advantages of renewable energy, represented by solar energy, are more prominent. As the first country in the world to propose a "renewable energy target", Australia has not only set a gross target for the use of solar energy through the "operating mechanism of solar energy certification" and the "solar energy incentive system". It also subsidizes its solar industry. Through a series of laws and policies to promote the utilization of solar energy and the prosperity of solar energy market, far ahead of other renewable energy development. To balance the ratio of solar to other renewable energy sources and avoid a declining solar industry, the Australian government has also reduced its subsidy multiplier to co-ordinate the development of clean energy. Therefore, Australia is realizing the transition from traditional energy industry to new energy industry. The assimilation of energy law and the similar energy structure between China and Australia make it important for our country to learn from Australia's successful experience. Compared with Australia's efforts to foster the solar energy industry, at present China's preferential storage for the solar photovoltaic industry is still in its initial stage, and its shortcomings are mainly reflected in the following two aspects: first, China has failed to introduce national policies to promote the development of solar energy; second, China has failed to decentralize its fiscal and taxation authority, resulting in overinvestment in the development of photovoltaic industry, duplication of construction and waste of resources. As a major energy consumer, the author believes that China should learn from Australia's industrial policy, which is managed as a whole by federal government departments, but also allows local government departments to respond to local conditions. According to the local conditions, we should adjust the fiscal and tax incentive policy, improve the fiscal and tax incentive system, cultivate the solar energy market and promote the utilization of solar energy. The innovation of this paper lies in the analysis of the creation of solar energy certificate in Australia, the creation of solar energy certificate, the relevant regulations of circulation and the status quo of implementation, combined with the case of "improper creation of Solar Energy Certificate by MT Company". This paper points out the problem of legal liability in the operation mechanism, and expounds the significance of solar energy certificate operation mechanism to China. In order to promote the circulation and regulation of Chinese solar energy certificate market, promote the utilization of solar energy in China.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D961.1;DD912.6

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