西藏藏族文化权利的法律保护研究

发布时间：2018-06-19 15:41

本文选题：少数民族文化权利 + 人权　；参考：《西藏大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：当今社会,少数民族文化权利的保障作为少数人人权保障的一大基本问题,已经受到了全世界各国的关注。少数民族文化权利是国际社会人权保障的重要组成部分,也是保障世界文化多样性的根基所在,更是推动世界文化可持续发展的原动力。中国是一个多民族国家,五十五个少数民族多姿多彩的民族文化与源远流长的汉民族文化共同构成了闻名遐迩的中华民族文化。藏族是中华民族大家庭中历史悠久、文化发达的民族之一,在千百年的发展历程中,形成了内容丰富、特色鲜明的藏民族文化,可以称得上是中华民族文化桂冠上的一颗明珠。西藏自治区作为我国藏民族最主要的聚居地之一,对于藏族文化的传承、弘扬和保护具有至关重要和不可替代的意义。但随着城市化、现代化、全球化脚步的加快,在高原独特的生存环境、宗教信仰、自然禁忌中形成的西藏藏族传统文化受到了不小的影响,一方面被更加快速广泛地传扬传播,另一方面也难免会受到来自其他种种文化的冲击。国内外各式各样文化的频繁交流,使得藏族文化不断受到外来文化的影响,尤其越来越多的人开始意识到藏族文化的巨大商业价值,如何在商业方面开发利用保护藏族文化权利,如何保护商业价值不高的藏族文化,成了亟待解决的问题。从人权的公法保障角度出发探究我国少数民族文化权利的保护,有利于进一步加深我国少数民族文化权利公法保障的理论研究,并有利于不断完善我国少数民族法律保障机制,使其更符合国际人权保护以及中国社会的发展趋势,更好地体现我国依法治国、构建和谐社会的理念,进而有效的通过法律来实现保护我国文化格局的目的,这是理论与实际相结合的一次伟大尝试。笔者从少数民族文化权利理论入手,采用了多学科交叉综合研究、分析、论证等方法进行研究,深入剖析西藏藏族文化权利之法律保护面临的一系列挑战以及其立法、执法、司法和法律意识层面的现状,探究西藏藏族文化权利法律保护可能存在的问题及出现这些问题的原因所在,力求通过这些方面的分析,在文中主要集中解决以下几个方面的问题,其中有西藏藏族文化权利公法保障相关的问题;具体行政实践中存在的问题;不同的国家面对的问题也是不同的,例如中国,我们还没有宪法上的司法救济制度,所以我们主要问题有两个方面。一个方面是在我国的行政诉讼中,还没有把抽象行政行为放入行政诉讼可以受理案件的范围内,所以在这之前是没有办法确定少数民族文化权利中行政诉讼是什么性质的,另一个问题是我们以人权的公法保障体系为基础,努力探索应该用哪一种立法模式、行政模式以及什么样的司法发展模式,以便达到保护西藏藏族民族文化权利的目的。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, the protection of minority cultural rights, as a basic issue of minority human rights, has been concerned by all countries all over the world. The cultural rights of ethnic minorities are an important part of the international social human rights protection, also the foundation of safeguarding the world cultural diversity, and the motive force to promote the sustainable development of the world culture. China is a multi-ethnic country, 55 ethnic minorities colorful national culture and the long history of the Han nationality culture together constitute the famous Chinese culture. Tibetan nationality is one of the ethnic groups with a long history and developed culture in the Chinese nation family. In the course of thousands of years' development, Tibetan culture with rich contents and distinctive characteristics can be called as a pearl in the crown of Chinese culture. As one of the most important settlements of Tibetan nationality in China, Tibet Autonomous region plays an important and irreplaceable role in carrying forward and protecting Tibetan culture. However, with the acceleration of urbanization, modernization and globalization, the Tibetan traditional culture formed in the plateau's unique living environment, religious beliefs, and natural taboos has been greatly influenced. On the one hand, it has been spread more quickly and widely. On the other hand, it will inevitably be affected by other cultures. The frequent exchange of various cultures at home and abroad has made Tibetan culture constantly influenced by foreign cultures. In particular, more and more people are beginning to realize the enormous commercial value of Tibetan culture. How to develop and utilize Tibetan cultural rights in business and how to protect Tibetan culture with low commercial value has become an urgent problem to be solved. From the angle of public law protection of human rights, it is helpful to probe into the protection of minority cultural rights in China, which is conducive to further deepening the theoretical research on the public law guarantee of minority cultural rights in China, and is conducive to perfecting the legal protection mechanism of minority nationalities in our country. Make it more in line with the international protection of human rights and the development trend of Chinese society, better reflect the concept of governing the country according to law, build a harmonious society, and then effectively through the law to achieve the goal of protecting our cultural structure. This is a great attempt to combine theory with practice. Starting with the theory of the cultural rights of ethnic minorities, the author adopts the methods of multi-disciplinary and comprehensive research, analysis and demonstration to deeply analyze a series of challenges to the legal protection of Tibetan cultural rights in Tibet, as well as their legislation and law enforcement. On the level of judicial and legal awareness, the paper explores the possible problems in the legal protection of Tibetan cultural rights in Tibet and the reasons for these problems, and tries to make an analysis of these aspects. In this paper, we mainly focus on solving the following problems, including those related to the protection of Tibetan cultural rights in public law in Tibet; the problems existing in specific administrative practices; and the problems faced by different countries, such as China, We do not have a constitutional system of judicial remedies, so our main problems are twofold. One aspect is that in our country's administrative litigation, abstract administrative acts have not yet been placed within the scope of administrative litigation that can be accepted, so there was no way to determine the nature of administrative proceedings in the cultural rights of ethnic minorities before that. Another problem is that based on the public law guarantee system of human rights, we should explore which legislative model, administrative model and judicial development model should be used in order to protect Tibetan national cultural rights in Tibet.
【学位授予单位】：西藏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D922.16

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