我国反邪教立法研究

发布时间：2018-06-20 20:41

本文选题：邪教 + 邪教犯罪　；参考：《山东大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：二十世纪七八十年代以来,我国社会上出现的邪教组织数量呈井喷之势,截止到九十年代中期国家曾认定过全国范围的邪教组织数量达14个,另外还有一些并未形成全国规模的,由其各省市县在其管辖范围内认定的邪教组织的数量则不可计数。所以,邪教问题已经成为影响我国社会发展的突出问题,理应受到立法上的重视。然而,囿于国际上“宗教自由”主义和部分国家拿“人权”频频发难,我国在反邪教方面的立法工作进展缓慢,畏首畏尾,直接影响了我国对邪教组织的防范和惩治。追根溯源,我国历史上各朝代都有反邪教相关的立法,最早在秦汉时代就有了相关记载,明清时“邪教”一词频频出现在刑事立法中。所以,我国的反邪教立法是有着深刻的历史渊源和统治传统的,是中华法系的一大特色,应该得到继承和发扬。本文共分五部分。全文采用理论探讨与实际工作相结合、实证分析与归纳演绎相结合的方法进行研究论证,理论探讨方面主要集中于进行广泛、深入的资料收集和文献阅读。本文第一部分分析了邪教的法律定义,从古代、外国、理论和立法四方面分析,结合邪教特征的分析,得出本文认为的“邪教”概念。第二部分查阅了我国古代秦汉以来关于邪教犯罪的历史记载,得出小结,反邪教立法自古有之,是中华法系的特色。第三部分对近现代以来世界各国如法国、日本、奥地利等国对邪教犯罪、邪教活动惩治的相关规定和做法,从中吸取经验古为今用、西为中用。第四部分对我国当前反邪教现状进行评析,分析我国当前反邪教立法的不足之处。第五部分结合实际工作中遇到的各类邪教组织,通过对我国现存邪教的种类、特点及社会危害性进行分析,总结出我国邪教违法活动的特点及规律。在此基础上,提出承认新兴宗教的合法地位,结合“邪教组织”一词建立概括与列举式并举的“邪教”法律概念,增加财产刑,理顺邪教犯罪的处罚层次和体系,增加对不构成犯罪的邪教违法行为的社区矫正制度,增强公众群体作用等制度,结合现在劳教制度取消这一契机,把反邪教立法提到公共视野中来,引起公众对邪教的重视,借机出台专门的反邪教部门法。
[Abstract]:Since 70s and 80s twentieth Century, the number of cult organizations in our society has been blowout. By the middle of 90s, the number of cult organizations in the country had been identified as 14 in the middle of the 90s. In addition, the number of cult organizations that have not formed the scale of the country, and the number of the cult organizations identified by the provinces and municipalities in their jurisdiction. Therefore, the problem of cult has become a prominent issue affecting the social development of our country and should be paid attention to by legislation. However, due to the international "religious freedom" and the frequency of "human rights" in some countries, our country's legislative work on anti cults has been slow and flunking, which directly affects our evil cults. The prevention and punishment of the organization has been traced to the source. All dynasties in the history of our country have related legislation against evil cults. The earliest records were recorded in the Qin and Han Dynasties. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the word "evil religion" appeared frequently in the criminal legislation. Therefore, the anti cult legislation in our country has a profound history of Shi Yuanyuan and the rule of rule, and a big Chinese law system. Characteristics should be inherited and carried forward.
This article is divided into five parts. The full text is a combination of theoretical discussion and practical work, an empirical analysis and a combination of induction and deduction. The theory is mainly focused on extensive, in-depth data collection and literature reading. The first part of this article analyzes the legal definition of the evil religion, from ancient, foreign, theory and legislation. The four analysis, combined with the analysis of the characteristics of the cult, draws the concept of "cult" in this article. The second part has consulted the historical records of the cult crime since the ancient Qin and Han Dynasties in China, and concluded that the anti cult legislation has been the characteristic of the Chinese law system since ancient times. The third part of the world, such as France, Japan and Austria, has been in the modern world. In the fourth part, the fourth part analyses the present situation of anti heresy in our country and analyzes the shortcomings of the current anti cult legislation in our country. The fifth part combines all kinds of evil cult organizations in the actual work, through the evil of our country. The types, characteristics and social harmfulness of the teaching are analyzed, and the characteristics and laws of the illegal activities of the cults in China are summed up. On this basis, the legal status of the new religions is recognized, and the "cult" concept of "evil religions" is established in combination with the word "cult organization", and the penalty of property punishment is increased and the punishment level of the cult crime is straightened out. The system will increase the system of community correction for the illegal acts of evil cults that do not constitute a crime, strengthen the system of the role of the public group and so on. In combination with the cancellation of this opportunity, the anti cult legislation is mentioned in the public field of vision, and the public is paying attention to the cult, and the special anti cult department law is introduced by the machine.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D669.8;D922.15

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