农村建设用地法律制度研究

发布时间：2018-06-23 12:09

本文选题：农村建设用地 + 取得制度　；参考：《长安大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：新中国成立以后，尤其是农村公社化运动后，我国形成了城乡分治的二元管理模式，城乡建设用地的取得、规划、开发、利用、流转、退出等法律规定均有较大的差异，但随着城镇化步伐的加快，城市建设用地日益饱和，二元管理模式的问题日益凸显，，开发利用农村建设用地、进行城镇一体化建设成为必然，尤其是十八大之后提出建设城乡统一的建设用地市场，为笔者的学术研究提供了方向。本文在经济法视阈下，立足于当前农村建设用地制度中存在的问题，分析了农村建设用地规划制度、取得制度、产权制度、流转制度和退出制度中存在的问题及对农村建设用地法律制度的完善。本文采用文献研究法、定性分析法、历史研究等方法对农村建设用地制度进行研究，笔者先对选题中主要相关概念进行界定，对本文的着眼点进行分析，以宅基地和集体建设用地的相关制度为研究对象，将宅基地和集体建设用地统一理解为农村建设用地，根据调整对象的不同，对相关法律关系予以分类，后分析出农村集体建设用地制度中规划制度、流转制度、产权制度和退出制度中存在的问题，并借鉴美国、德国、英国等国外典型国家关于建设用地管理制度的成功经验，结合我国实际情况，探索完善我国农村建设用地的路径。目前，国内外学者对农村土地制度的研究主要是从民法学或宪法学角度展开的，研究的范围主要集中在城乡一体化、城乡建设用地制度、建设用地使用权、宅基地使用权、经营性用地作价入股、土地管理、土地开发、土地评估等方面，以经济法为视角在城乡一体化背景下对农村建设用地制度改革为研究视角的学术成果比较少。因此，笔者试图利用经济法学基本理论，剖析我国农村建设用地制度现状及存在的问题，为推行农村建设用地制度改革、构建城乡一体化的建设用地制度贡献自己的绵薄之力。本文由五大部分组成：第一部分导论，阐述选题背景及选题意义，以“城乡一体化建设用地市场”政策为背景详细介绍目前国内外研究现状和研究成果，提出自己的写作思路及文章的行文脉络；第二部分，在对农村建设用地制度相关概念进行梳理的基础上，从经济法视角确立以农村集体建设用地和宅基地为主要研究对象的研究体例；第三部分，分析研究我国农村建设用地的立法现状及存在的问题；第四部分，对国外典型国家关于建设用地制度的立法实践进行详细剖析，找到与我国国情相通的地方，挖掘出对我国农村建设用地法律监管的启示及有效借鉴；第五部分，详细叙述我国农村建设用地的立法完善，从农村建设用地规划制度、产权制度、流转制度和退出制度的改革着手，立法保障村民在农村建设用地取得、流转、退出中的参与权和司法救济的权利，促进农村建设用地在法律监管下有限制的流转，形成城乡统一的建设用地市场。
[Abstract]:After the founding of the people's Republic of China, especially after the rural commune movement, China has formed a dual management model of urban and rural areas. There are great differences in the legal provisions on the acquisition, planning, development, utilization, circulation and withdrawal of urban and rural construction land. However, with the acceleration of urbanization, urban construction land is becoming increasingly saturated, and the problem of dual management mode is becoming increasingly prominent. It is inevitable to develop and utilize rural construction land and carry out urban integration construction. Especially after the 18th National Congress, the author proposed the construction of a unified urban and rural construction land market, which provided the direction for the author's academic research. From the perspective of economic law, this paper analyzes the planning system, acquisition system and property right system of rural construction land, based on the problems existing in the current rural construction land system. The problems existing in the circulation system and withdrawal system and the perfection of the legal system of rural construction land. This article uses the literature research method, the qualitative analysis method, the historical research and so on method to carry on the research to the rural construction land system, the author first carries on the definition to the main related concept in the selected topic, carries on the analysis to the article's starting point. Taking the related system of homestead and collective construction land as the object of study, the paper unifies the homestead and collective construction land as rural construction land, classifies the relevant legal relations according to the different adjusting objects. Then it analyzes the problems existing in planning system, circulation system, property right system and withdrawal system in rural collective construction land system, and draws lessons from the successful experiences of typical foreign countries such as the United States, Germany, Britain and other foreign countries on the management system of construction land. Combined with the actual situation in China, explore the path to perfect the land for rural construction in China. At present, scholars at home and abroad mainly study the rural land system from the perspective of civil law or constitutional law, the scope of the research is mainly focused on urban and rural integration, urban and rural construction land system, construction land use right, homestead use right. There are few academic achievements from the perspective of economic law on the reform of rural construction land system under the background of urban-rural integration in the aspects of price acquisition, land management, land development, land evaluation and so on. Therefore, the author tries to make use of the basic theory of economic law to analyze the present situation and existing problems of the rural construction land system in our country, so as to contribute to the reform of the rural construction land system and the construction of the urban-rural integrated construction land system. This paper is composed of five parts: the first part is an introduction to the background and significance of the topic selection, and a detailed introduction to the current domestic and foreign research situation and research results, taking the policy of "Urban-rural integrated construction land market" as the background. The second part, on the basis of combing the related concepts of rural construction land system, From the perspective of economic law to establish the rural collective construction land and homestead as the main research object of research; the third part, analysis of our country rural construction land legislation status and existing problems; part four, This paper makes a detailed analysis of the legislative practice of the construction land system in typical foreign countries, finds out the place that is in common with the national conditions of our country, and excavates the enlightenment and effective reference to the legal supervision of the rural construction land in our country; part five, The legislative perfection of rural construction land in our country is described in detail. From the reform of planning system, property right system, circulation system and withdrawal system of rural construction land, the legislation guarantees the villagers to obtain and circulate the rural construction land. The right of participation in withdrawal and the right of judicial relief promote the limited circulation of rural construction land under legal supervision and form a unified construction land market in urban and rural areas.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.32

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