网络谣言及其法律规制研究

发布时间：2018-06-25 11:50

本文选题：互联网 + 网络谣言　；参考：《重庆大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：谣言是人类社会从古至今一直存在的现象，在没有文字之前，谣言就通过口头传播的形式在人际交往当中流传开来，被西方学者称作是“最古老的大众传播媒介”。时代在进步，，科技在发展，网络已经无孔不入了。互联网的覆盖面不断扩大，基于网络的无限延展性，虚拟性，超时空性等特征，互联网已经“紧锣密鼓”地编织成网，形成了巨大的信息密集空间。然而，网络用户的文化水平差异较大，媒介素养参差不齐，许多非理性，随意性的发言层出不穷，“网络谣言”这一新兴事物爆发性地出现了。网络谣言的传播过程中复杂多变，被居心不良的人利用大肆传播，在网络世界和现实世界中造成严重的影响。目前，我国对网络谣言的法律规制仍在起步阶段，欠缺空白之处亟需重视。我国现行法律至今仍无专门的成文法来规制网络谣言，许多规范谣言的法律都存在界定模糊、适用矛盾和处罚过轻等等的缺陷。2013年9月《最高人民法院、最高人民检察院关于办理利用信息网络实施诽谤等刑事案件适用法律若干问题的解释》（以下称解释）率先对网络谣言进行了较为明确性的规定。这是一次积极的进步，也是一个有益的尝试。本文依照提出问题、分析问题和解决问题的基本思路进行写作，主要运用传播学和法学理论，对网络谣言进行了学术和法学的定性分析，同时结合典型案例分析网络谣言的传播特点，机制及影响，并对我国网络谣言的法律现状做出分析和评鉴，提出了一些健全法律规制的建议。本文除了绪论和结语之外主要分为五个部分。绪论部分：该部分从几个方面展开，主要包括论文的选题背景，研究的学术意义和实用意义，国内外的研究现状,研究方法，创新之处等等。第二部分：笔者从学术和法学两方面对网络谣言做出定性分析。通过对比谣言、流言和谎言三者的差别，再将网络谣言和传统谣言作比较，弥补了过去研究对网络谣言定性的片面和漏洞，得出了较为全面的概念制定。同时将网络谣言的分类做出了一个较清晰和全面的概括归纳，这生动地呈现了网络谣言本身的整体概貌。第三部分：笔者从三个方面来展示网络谣言传播过程的复杂性和变化莫测性，然后再对网络谣言的特点进行分析。以此，对后面的写作埋下伏笔和设定前提，得出全文的一个结论：网络谣言传播的复杂性导致，互联网的自律和网络谣言的事前控制非常困难，要规制网络谣言，最好的办法就是清晰的法律规范。第四部分：主要展示了网络谣言的负面效应和正效应，负效应又涵盖侵害公共利益和个人权益两方面。第五部分：通过介绍欧美国家对网络谣言的立法经验来指导我国的法律规制工作。第六部分：通过展现我国法律对网络谣言的规制现状，以此来分析我国法律规范的不足之处。在此基础上结合全文分析得出对法律规制的完善建议，希冀对我国网络谣言的法制进程有所帮助。
[Abstract]:The rumor is the phenomenon that human society has always existed since ancient times . In the absence of words , the rumors spread through the form of oral communication , which was called " the oldest mass media . " The internet has become " the oldest mass media . " However , the internet has become " the most ancient mass media " .

At present , China ' s legal regulation of network rumors is still in its infancy , and it is urgent to pay attention to the lack of blank . In September 2013 , there is still no special statutory law to regulate the network rumours .

In addition to the introduction and the conclusion , this paper is divided into five parts .

Introduction : This part is expanded from several aspects , including the background of topic selection , the academic significance and practical significance of the research , the research situation , research method , innovation place and so on at home and abroad .

In the second part , the author makes a qualitative analysis on the network rumor from two aspects of academic and jurisprudence . By comparing the rumors , rumors and lies , the author compares the rumors with the traditional rumours , and makes up for the more comprehensive concept development . At the same time , it makes a clearer and comprehensive summary of the classification of the network rumours , which vividly presents the overall picture of the network rumor itself .

In the third part , the author analyzes the complexity and the change of the network rumor propagation process from three aspects , then analyzes the characteristics of the network rumors .

The fourth part : mainly shows the negative effect and positive effect of the network rumor , and the negative effect also covers both the public interest and the personal interest .

The fifth part : This article introduces the legislative experience of the European and American countries to the network rumours to guide our country ' s legal regulation .

The sixth part is to analyze the deficiency of the legal norms in our country by showing the current situation of the regulation of the network rumours in our country . On the basis of this , the author gives some suggestions for the perfection of the legal regulation , and hopes to help the legal process of the network rumors in our country .
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G206;D922.16;D924.3

【参考文献】