理想与现实的碰撞:《农民专业合作社法》修订引发的思考

发布时间：2018-07-07 09:19

本文选题：农民专业合作社法 + 农业龙头企业　；参考：《求索》2017年08期

【摘要】：《农民专业合作社法》已经实施10年,修订农民专业合作社法的工作也已经启动。中国农业现代化的路径是龙头企业带动的中国农业产业化经营,龙头企业和农户之间是不平等的互利关系。农民专业合作社法为农业龙头企业进入合作社甚至领办合作社提供了法律依据,但龙头企业和农民之间公平合理的利益联结机制能否建立要看社员(农业生产经营者)能否在合作社发展中逐渐成为合作社资产的主要所有者、合作社事务的控制决策者和合作社所提供服务的主要受益者。在《农民专业合作社法》的修订中,有两个问题应深入讨论:一是没有交易额的合作社是否还能算作合作社;二是公司能否加入合作社联合社。中国农民专业合作社未来的发展要通过社员入股或扩股,使资本从属于社员,使合作社服务的使用者与提供者身份相统一。要在理想和现实之间寻找平衡点,在守住底线的前提下,要保持和增强农民专业合作社法的灵活性和包容性,给予基层合作社更大的弹性活动空间。
[Abstract]:The Law on Farmers' Professional Cooperatives has been in force for 10 years, and the work of revising the Law on Farmers' Professional Cooperatives has also started. The path of China's agricultural modernization is the industrialization of agriculture driven by the leading enterprises, and the unequal and mutually beneficial relationship between the leading enterprises and the farmers. The Law on Farmers' specialized Cooperatives provides a legal basis for leading agricultural enterprises to enter cooperatives and even lead cooperatives. However, whether a fair and reasonable interest linkage mechanism between leading enterprises and farmers can be established depends on whether members (agricultural producers and operators) can gradually become the main owners of cooperative assets in the development of cooperatives. Control of cooperative affairs decision makers and primary beneficiaries of the services provided by cooperatives. In the revision of the Law on Farmers' specialized Cooperatives, two issues should be discussed in depth: first, whether cooperatives with no transaction value can still be counted as cooperatives; second, whether companies can join cooperative unions. In the future, the development of Chinese farmers' specialized cooperatives should be carried out through the participation of members or the expansion of shares, so that capital is subordinate to members, and the identity of users and providers of cooperative services should be unified. In order to find a balance between ideal and reality, we should keep and strengthen the flexibility and inclusiveness of the law of farmers' specialized cooperative under the premise of keeping the bottom line, and give the grass-roots cooperative more flexible space of activity.
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院农村发展研究所;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金重点学科群项目(71333011) 中国社会科学院2017年度学部委员创新项目
【分类号】：D922.4

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