依法治国方略下的环境法治困境与出路

发布时间：2018-07-07 18:48

本文选题：法治 + 环境法治　；参考：《兰州学刊》2015年10期

【摘要】：在十八届四中全会全面推进"依法治国"的宏观背景下,我国环境法治迎来了新的机遇和挑战。但就目前环境法治的实施现状来看,还存在立法不足、执法混乱、司法匮乏以及被动守法等积弊。欲突破环境法治困境,须完善以下环节:立法层面,应当在严格遵循自然法则的立法理念指引下,合理配置环境权利和义务,通过"立"、"改"、"废"以及司法解释等具体手段加以完善;执法层面,应改明确执法层级的职责、优化环境管理制度、化解地方干预执法、完善强制执行措施和环境执法能力建设;司法层面,应从健全环境审判组织和队伍、补充环境审判规范性文件、加强司法审判的配套等层面予以完善;守法层面,不仅要构建完善的公众环境权益保障体系,促使公众积极监督立法、执法和司法,还应建立完善的环境保护社会责任体系,强化公众的环境保护义务。只有通过科学民主的环境立法、公平严格的环境执法、独立公正的环境执法以及积极主动的环境守法,才能化解环境危机,实现建设生态文明社会的目标诉求。
[Abstract]:Under the macro background of promoting "ruling the country by law" in the fourth Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, China's environmental rule of law has ushered in new opportunities and challenges. However, in view of the current situation of the implementation of environmental rule by law, there are still disadvantages such as insufficient legislation, confusion of law enforcement, lack of justice and passive law-abiding. In order to break through the predicament of environmental rule of law, we must perfect the following links: at the legislative level, we should reasonably allocate environmental rights and obligations under the guidance of the legislative idea of strictly following the laws of nature. Through the specific means of "establishing", "reforming", "scrapping" and judicial interpretation, it is necessary to change the responsibility of the law enforcement level, optimize the environmental management system, and resolve the local interference in the enforcement of the law. Improve the enforcement measures and environmental law enforcement capacity building; at the judicial level, we should perfect the environmental trial organization and team, supplement the normative documents of the environmental trial, strengthen the supporting parts of the judicial trial, and improve the law-abiding level. It is necessary not only to construct a perfect system of protecting public environmental rights and interests, to urge the public to actively supervise legislation, law enforcement and judicature, but also to establish a perfect system of social responsibility for environmental protection and to strengthen the public's obligation to protect the environment. Only through scientific and democratic environmental legislation, fair and strict environmental law enforcement, independent and impartial environmental law enforcement and active environmental law-abiding, can the environmental crisis be resolved and the goal of building ecological civilization society be realized.
【作者单位】：山东理工大学法学院;
【基金】：国家社科基金青年资助项目(项目编号:12CFX091) 山东省高校人文社科研究项目(项目编号:J12WB11) 山东理工大学人文社科发展计划(项目编号:4083/112007) 山东理工大学青年教师发展支持计划(项目编号:4072/112030)
【分类号】：D922.68

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