我国海洋工程溢油污染防治法律制度研究

发布时间：2018-12-13 23:09

【摘要】：随着人类对海洋资源特别是石油资源需求的不断增加,海洋工程事业蓬勃发展,然而海洋工程溢油污染事故也连连不断地发生。海洋工程溢油污染波及范围广、危害时间长,是影响海洋生态环境可持续发展的最主要威胁之一。近几年来,我国海洋工程溢油污染事故愈演愈烈,加强海洋工程溢油污染法律防治已经迫在眉睫。全文共分为五个部分:第一部分阐述了本文研究的背景、意义,国内外的研究现状以及主要的研究方法与创新之处;第二部分阐述了海洋工程的概念并引出海洋工程溢油污染的内涵,进一步以近五年接连发生的美国墨西哥湾溢油污染事故及我国康菲溢油事故引证海洋工程溢油污染法律防治的必要性及紧迫性;第三部分主要对国际海洋工程溢油污染法律制度进行了分析,从而为我国相关法律制度提供了有益借鉴;第四部分主要指出我国海洋工程溢油污染防治法律制度中相关法律规定存在缺失和冲突、海洋工程溢油污染防范措施不足、缺乏有效的环境污染赔偿制度等问题;第五部分针对我国海洋工程溢油污染防治法律制度的不足,提出要完善海洋工程溢油污染防治立法、构建海洋工程溢油污染防范与应急救援制度、健全海洋工程溢油污染赔偿法律制度等具体对策,以期能给相关立法部门、政府决策部门提供一定的参考,更有效地保护海洋工程溢油污染受害主体的合法利益,进一步保护我们赖以生存的海洋环境。
[Abstract]:With the continuous increase of human demand for marine resources, especially oil resources, marine engineering is booming. However, oil spill pollution accidents of marine engineering have occurred one after another. Marine engineering oil spill pollution is one of the most important threats to the sustainable development of marine ecological environment. In recent years, oil spill accidents of marine engineering in China have become more and more serious. It is urgent to strengthen the legal prevention and control of oil spill pollution in marine engineering. The full text is divided into five parts: the first part describes the background, significance, research status at home and abroad, as well as the main research methods and innovations; The second part describes the concept of marine engineering and leads to the connotation of oil spill pollution in marine engineering. The oil spill accident in the Gulf of America and ConocoPhillips oil spill accident in China in recent five years proved the necessity and urgency of the legal prevention and control of oil spill pollution in marine engineering. The third part mainly analyzes the international marine engineering oil spill pollution legal system, thus providing useful reference for the relevant legal system of our country; The fourth part mainly points out that there are some problems in the legal system of prevention and control of oil spill pollution in China, such as the lack of relevant legal provisions, the shortage of preventive measures and the lack of effective environmental pollution compensation system. In the fifth part, aiming at the deficiency of the legal system of prevention and control of oil spill pollution of marine engineering in China, the author puts forward that we should perfect the legislation of prevention and control of oil spill pollution of marine engineering, and construct the system of prevention and emergency rescue of oil spill pollution of marine engineering. To perfect the legal system of compensation for oil spill pollution in marine engineering, so as to provide some references to relevant legislative departments and government policy-making departments, and to protect more effectively the legitimate interests of the victims of oil spill pollution in marine engineering. Further protect the marine environment on which we live.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.68

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