当前我国环保执法阻力分析及对策探究

发布时间：2018-12-16 19:06

【摘要】：我国经济发展取得了举世瞩目的成就。但是，经济的迅速发展却是以牺牲环境为代价的。我国环境问题日益凸显，已经严重影响到人们的日常生活及身体健康。为了保护环境，我国相继出台了一系列环境法律、法规。但是，环境问题依然很严重，环境污染事件时有发生，环境污染有继续恶化的趋势。造成这一现象的重要原因是地方环保执法低效，存在有法不依、执法不严的问题，使得环境法律、法规无法得到有效的落实。因此，深入探究环保执法中存在的阻力，提出克服阻力的对策措施，对提高环保执法效力，改善环境状况具有重要意义。首先，本文对当前我国经济发展状况及环境污染状况进行了简要介绍，对环保执法的要素、特征、意义进行了概述，同时，通过实例及数据分析了当前我国环境立法、执法状况；其次，从利益、制度、体制、观念四个方面论述了环保执法中存在的阻力。最后，针对环保执法中存在的阻力，提出了对策建议。包括：第一，完善环保执法方面的法律、法规；第二，加强环保执法中财税制度、官员考核制度、责任追究制度等方面的建设；第三，推进环保执法体制机制建设，，使各执法主体形成合力，发挥联动作用。第四通过教育、宣传、激励等方式提高执法主体积极，提高企业、个人环保法制意识。营造良好的环保执法环境，提高环保执法的效率。
[Abstract]:China's economic development has made remarkable achievements. However, the rapid development of the economy is at the expense of the environment. Environmental problems in China are becoming increasingly prominent and have seriously affected people's daily life and health. In order to protect the environment, China has issued a series of environmental laws and regulations. However, environmental problems are still very serious, environmental pollution incidents occur from time to time, environmental pollution continues to deteriorate. The important reason for this phenomenon is that the local environmental protection law enforcement is inefficient, there are problems such as not obeying the law and not enforcing the law strictly, which makes the environmental laws and regulations unable to be effectively implemented. Therefore, it is of great significance to probe into the resistance existing in the law enforcement of environmental protection and to put forward the countermeasures to overcome the resistance in order to improve the effectiveness of environmental law enforcement and improve the environmental situation. First of all, this paper briefly introduces the current economic development and environmental pollution in China, summarizes the elements, characteristics and significance of environmental law enforcement, and analyzes the current environmental legislation through examples and data. State of law enforcement; Secondly, it discusses the resistance in environmental law enforcement from four aspects: benefit, system, system and concept. Finally, the countermeasures and suggestions are put forward in view of the resistance in the law enforcement of environmental protection. It includes: first, perfecting the laws and regulations of environmental law enforcement; second, strengthening the construction of fiscal and taxation system, official assessment system and accountability system in environmental protection law enforcement; Third, promote the construction of environmental law enforcement system and mechanism, so that the law enforcement bodies form a joint force and play a role of linkage. Fourth, through education, publicity, incentives and other ways to improve the law enforcement main positive, improve enterprises, personal awareness of the legal system of environmental protection. Create a good environment for environmental law enforcement, improve the efficiency of environmental law enforcement.
【学位授予单位】：燕山大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.68

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