非政府组织法律形式研究

发布时间：2019-03-27 17:00

【摘要】：非政府组织作为政府和企业以外的第三部门，对于促进政治民主、经济发展、文化繁荣、生态良好等各个方面起到很大的作用。从法律层面上来说，非政府组织是实现公民结社自由的一种方式，是公民结社自由从法律条款走向现实的有效途径。我国非政府组织法律形式是混乱的。非政府组织的法律形式是社会团体法人。基金会、民办非企业单位是社会团体法人的下位概念。但基金会、民办非企业单位与社会团体并具备统一特征，将这些全部归于社会团体法人的做法存在逻辑矛盾。此外，，民办非企业单位与事业单位并无本质区别，仅因为资金来源不同而将两者割裂开来并不科学。形式的混乱导致配套法律对民办非企业单位、事业单位的规定思路不清、问题丛生。这也是造成法律实施困难的主要原因。因此加强对非政府组织法律形式研究具有重要意义。本文主要分五部分对非政府组织法律形式进行研究：第一部分非政府组织概述。主要介绍了非政府组织及组织法律形式的涵义、非政府组织与相似概念的区别及非政府组织存在的法理基础。第二部分国外非政府组织法律形式考察。在介绍了日本和美国非政府组织法律形式的基础上，分析对比了日本财团法人制度和美国公益信托制度的不同。第三部分阐述了我国非政府组织法律形式，包括社会团体法人、基金会、民办非企业单位和其他类型的非政府组织。第四部分非政府组织法律形式缺陷。指出我国非政府组织法律形式存在的问题，社会团体法人存在缺陷；民办非企业单位存在逻辑矛盾；公益信托制度不符合我国国情。最后一部分是主张引入财团法人完善我国非政府组织的法律形式。通过前几章的论述得出引进财团法人是完善我国非政府组织法律形式的必然选择，并分析引入的可行性和必要性及引入后我国非政府组织法律形式的新体系。
[Abstract]:The non-governmental organization, as the third department outside the government and the enterprise, plays a great role in promoting political democracy, economic development, cultural prosperity and good ecology. At the legal level, non-governmental organizations are an effective way to realize the freedom of association of citizens, which is an effective way for citizens to freedom of association from the legal provisions to the reality. The legal form of non-governmental organization in our country is in disorder . The legal form of non-governmental organizations is a social group law People. Foundation, non-governmental non-enterprise unit is the lower part of the legal person of the social group I. However, the Foundation, the private non-enterprise unit and the social group have the same characteristics, and all these are attributed to the legal person of the social group, and the logical spears exist. In addition, the private non-enterprise unit and the institution are not fundamentally different from each other, only because the source of funds is different and the two are separated from each other The confusion of the form causes the matching law to be confused with the provisions of the private non-enterprise unit and the public institution, and the problem cluster Students. This is also the main source of the difficulty in the implementation of the law As a result, it is important to strengthen the legal form of non-governmental organizations The main part of this article is the legal form of non-governmental organizations. line study: first part of non-government The paper mainly introduces the meaning of the non-governmental organization and the legal form of the organization, the difference between the non-governmental organization and the similar concept and the existence of the non-governmental organization. The legal basis of the second part of foreign non-governmental organization On the basis of the introduction of the legal form of the non-governmental organizations in Japan and the United States, the paper analyzes and compares the legal system of the Japanese financial system and the American public interest trust. The third part expounds the legal form of the non-governmental organization of our country, including the legal person of the social group, the foundation, the private non-enterprise unit and other types Non-governmental organizations. Part IV, non-governmental organic law The article points out the problems in the legal form of the non-governmental organization in our country, the defect of the legal person of the social group, the logical contradiction of the private non-enterprise unit, and the non-conformity of the public welfare trust system. The last part is to introduce the legal person of the financial group to perfect the non-governmental organization in our country The legal form of the non-governmental organization is the inevitable choice to perfect the legal form of the non-governmental organization in our country. The feasibility and necessity of the introduction and the legal form of the non-governmental organization in our country are analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：武汉科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.182;D923

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