冶金重型车车架结构优化方法的研究

发布时间：2018-03-24 11:47

本文选题：冶金　切入点：重载车　出处：《上海交通大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文针对进口冶金重型框架车制造厂总体制造工艺和制造技术相对成熟，，但由于没有针对性研究国内钢厂的使用条件和产品装载特点，因此其车辆出现了一定的水土不服的情况，特别是在使用不长后，车架部分逐步出现了立柱轴框架焊缝的断裂、裂纹等问题，经分析主要是疲劳断裂，严重危及到现场的正常生产。同时，国内框架车的需求不断增加，但是国内车辆制造企业考虑冶金框架车的制造工艺、运输要求和使用性能有较大差距，鲜有涉足，也几乎没有大规模成功运用的实绩。考虑到宝钢积累了大量使用、维护和改造经验，同时又有人力资源和技术的双重保障，迫切需要运用的使用和维护经验，自主集成开发制造出冶金专用框架车，掌握自主知识产权，降低国内框架车的维护技术要求和使用成本。而车架制造又是其中最核心的技术环节之一。由于钢厂重型车重载、低速、高扭和频繁起、制动等特点，设备工况比较复杂，因此有必要利用有限元对框架车车架优化计算和分析。本文采用UG车架建模，采用ANSYS有限元分析方法对车架优化前后的车架结构形式进行静载、过载、动载分析，通过仿真验证优化后车架结构的可行性。同时，为了研究车辆行驶时振动对车辆长期可靠性和安全性的影响，为此对设计的车架进行相关的模态分析，确定车架自激频率与路面谱、发动机振动等的关系，检验其安全性。经过引进、改造以及国产化研制重型框架车的三个循序渐进的实践和摸索过程，逐步掌握了冶金重型升降框架车车架特点和车架制造工艺控制关键技术。通过二年多的高负荷运行，实践证明这些车架设计优化技术和制造工艺是合理的，可以对我国冶金重型框架车国产化提供一定的帮助。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the overall manufacturing process and manufacturing technology of the imported metallurgical heavy frame truck factory is relatively mature, but the use conditions and product loading characteristics of domestic steel plants are not studied. As a result, there are some problems in the vehicle, such as fracture and crack of the welding seam of the frame of the column shaft, which are mainly fatigue fracture, after the use of the vehicle is not long. Seriously endanger the normal production of the site. At the same time, the demand of domestic frame car is increasing, but domestic vehicle manufacturing enterprises consider the manufacturing process of metallurgical frame car, the transportation requirement and service performance have a big gap, and few involved in it. Considering that Baosteel has accumulated a lot of experience in use, maintenance and transformation, and at the same time has dual protection of human resources and technology, it urgently needs to use and maintain experience. Independent integrated development and manufacture of metallurgical special frame car, master independent intellectual property rights, reduce the maintenance technical requirements and use cost of domestic frame car, and frame manufacturing is one of the most core technical links. Due to the characteristics of heavy load, low speed, high torsion and frequent rise, braking and so on, it is necessary to use finite element method to optimize calculation and analysis of frame frame. The ANSYS finite element analysis method is used to analyze the static load, overload and dynamic load of the frame structure before and after the optimization. The feasibility of the optimized frame structure is verified by simulation. At the same time, in order to study the effect of vehicle vibration on the long-term reliability and safety of the vehicle, the modal analysis of the designed frame is carried out to determine the relationship between the self-excited frequency of the frame and the road surface spectrum, engine vibration, etc. Verify its safety. After the introduction, transformation and localization of the development of the heavy duty frame vehicle, three step-by-step practices and groping processes have been carried out. The characteristics of metallurgical heavy lift frame frame and the key technology of frame manufacturing process control have been mastered step by step. Through more than two years of high load operation, it has been proved by practice that the design optimization technology and manufacturing technology of these frames are reasonable. It can provide some help for the localization of heavy metallurgical frame truck in China.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：U469.6

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