长期施肥与耕作管理对不同农业气候区稻田土壤磷组分的影响
发布时间:2021-11-04 22:47
长期施肥和耕作管理可能会影响亚热带地区水稻土中磷的组分及磷素有效性,从而影响作物的可持续生长。然而,土壤中磷组分对长期施肥和耕作模式的响应仍不明确。本文主要通过研究双季稻模式下不同化肥施用量对土壤化学性质和土壤磷组分及其稳定性的影响,化肥配施麦秆和有机肥对水稻产量的影响,并探讨不同气候及水稻耕作管理对磷组分的影响。本文分别从南昌(NC)、进贤(JX)、宁乡(NX)、重庆(CQ)和遂宁(SN)5个长期施肥试验点中,选择了不施肥(CK)、化肥(NPK)和化肥配施有机肥(NPKM)3个处理,以及安徽省庐江县的不施肥(CK)、化肥(NPK)、化肥配施麦秆(NPKS)和化肥配施有机肥(NPKM)四个处理,并分别从宁乡和哈尔滨两个试验点选择了4种耕作处理:常规耕作(T1)、秸秆还田常规耕作(T2)、秸秆还田轮作(T3),秸秆还田免耕(T4),分析土壤理化性质,测定土壤磷酸酶活性,并通过Hedley等(1982)连续分级法测定土壤有机和无机磷形态。结果表明,与CK和NPK相比,NPKM中土壤全磷、有效磷和有机质(SOM)含量以及各试验点的水稻籽粒产量明显较高。长期施肥条件下,NPKM处理的大部分有机...
【文章来源】:中国农业科学院北京市
【文章页数】:100 页
【学位级别】:博士
【文章目录】:
摘要
abstract
LIST OF ABBRIVATIONS
CHAPTER1 -INTRODUCTION
1.1 Effect of long-term inorganic fertilization on soil P fractions
1.2 Effect of long-term organic fertilization on soil P-fractions
1.3 Effect of tillage management on soil P fractions
1.4 Scientific question
1.5 Hypothesis
1.6 Objectives
CHAPTER2 -MATERIALS AND METHODS
2.1 Sites description
2.2 Cropping practices and fertilization treatments
2.3 Soil sampling and analysis
2.4 Soil phosphorus fractions
2.5 Sequential phosphorus fractionation method
2.5.1 Equipment needed
2.5.2 Soil Extraction
2.5.3 Determination of inorganic P from NaHCO3,NaOH and HCl Extracts
2.5.4 Determination of Total P from NaHCO3,NaOH and HCl Extracts
2.6 Calculation of P efficiency indices
2.7 Statistical analysis
CHAPTER3 -RESPONSES OF SOIL PHOSPHORUS FRACTIONS AND MOBILITY TO LONG TERM MINERAL FERTILIZATION UNDER DOUBLE RICE CROPPING SYSTEM IN FERRALIC CAMBISOL
Abstract
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Site description and experimental design
3.3 Results
3.3.1 Soil chemical properties
3.3.2 Soil P fractions affected by long term NPK applications
3.3.3 Relative proportions of P pools
3.3.4 Relationship between soil chemical properties and P-fractions
3.3.5 Grain yield,P uptake and P efficiency indices
3.3.6 Soil nutrients response to P pools and P uptake by the crop
3.4 Discussion
3.4.1 Relationship of soil properties and P fractions with NPK additions
3.4.2 Grain yield,P uptake and P efficiency indices
3.4.3 Pathways of transformations in soil P pools and P uptake
3.5 Conclusions
CHAPTER4 -CHANGES IN PHOSPHORUS FRACTIONS ASSOCIATED WITH SOIL CHEMICAL PROPERTIES UNDER LONG-TERM ORGANIC AND INORGANIC FERTILIZATION IN PADDY SOILS OF SOUTHERN CHINA
Abstract
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Sites description and experimental design
4.3 Results
4.3.1 Soil organic matter and pH
4.3.2 Changes in soil P fertility
4.3.3 Grain yield
4.3.4 Soil P fractions
4.3.5 P fractions affected by long-term inorganic and organic fertilizer applications
4.3.6 The Relationship of P fractions with other soil properties
4.3.7 Redundancy analysis(RDA)of the soil properties and different P fractions
4.4 Discussion
4.4.1 Soil P fractions and soil properties
4.4.2 Fractional distribution of soil P
4.5 Conclusions
CHAPTER5 -REPLACEMENT OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS WITH ORGANIC AMENDMENTS INCREASED THE RICE YIELD BY CHANGING PHOSPHORUS FRACTIONS IN A FLUVO-AQUIC SOIL
Abstract
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Site description and experimental design
5.3 Results
5.3.1 Grain yield,grain P uptake and P use efficiency indices
5.3.2 Soil chemical properties
5.3.3 Relative distribution of P fractions
5.4 Discussion
5.5 Conclusions
CHAPTER6 -ROLE OF SOIL MINERAL CONTENTS IN THE LABILITY OF PHOSPHORUS IN PURPLE PADDY SOILS UNDER LONG-TERM FERTILIZATION
Abstract
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Site description and experimental design
6.3 Results
6.3.1 Effect of long-term fertilization on soil properties
6.3.2 Effect of long-term fertilization on phosphorus fractions and P uptake..
6.4 Discussion
6.5 Conclusions
CHAPTER7 -PHOSPHORUS FRACTIONS,PHOSPHATASE ACTIVITIES AND CROP YIELD AFFECTED BY TILLAGE MANAGEMENT UNDER DIFFERENT PADDY SOILS
Abstract
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Site description and experimental design
7.3 Results
7.3.1 Soil organic matter and pH
7.3.2 Changes in soil P concentrations
7.3.3 Grain yield
7.3.4 Soil P-fractionation
7.3.5 P fractions affected by different tillage management
7.3.6 The effect of tillage on the relative proportions of P-pools
7.3.7 Soil phosphatase enzymes affected by tillage
7.3.8 Redundancy analysis(RDA)of soil properties,phosphatase enzymes,grain yield and different P-fractions
7.3.9 The contribution of soil properties and climatic factors to the grain yield by VPA
7.4 Discussion
7.4.1 Effect of tillage management on soil properties
7.4.2 Impact of tillage systems on soil phosphatase enzyme
7.4.3 Tillage management and the grain yield
7.4.4 Labile and moderately labile phosphorus pool
7.4.5 Non-labile phosphorous pool
7.5 Conclusions
CHAPTER8 -CONCLUSIONS
8.1 Research innovation
8.2 Future research prospects
REFERENCES
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
CURRICULUM VITAE
【参考文献】:
期刊论文
[1]长期施磷稻田土壤磷素累积及其潜在环境风险[J]. 颜晓,王德建,张刚,薄录吉,彭小兰. 中国生态农业学报. 2013(04)
[2]长期秸秆还田对冬小麦产量及土壤肥力的影响[J]. 徐祖祥. 山地农业生物学报. 2010(01)
[3]长期定位施肥对水稻、小麦产量和土壤养分的影响[J]. 徐祖祥. 浙江农业学报. 2009(05)
[4]不同施肥模式下稻田土壤微生物生物量磷对土壤有机碳和磷素变化的响应[J]. 陈安磊,王凯荣,谢小立,刘迎新. 应用生态学报. 2007(12)
[5]免耕直播对一季晚稻田土壤特性和杂交水稻生长及产量形成的影响[J]. 冯跃华,邹应斌,Roland J Buresh,许桂玲,敖和军,王淑红. 作物学报. 2006(11)
[6]不同耕作方式对稻田土壤动物、微生物及酶活性的影响研究[J]. 高明,周保同,魏朝富,谢德体,张磊. 应用生态学报. 2004(07)
本文编号:3476553
【文章来源】:中国农业科学院北京市
【文章页数】:100 页
【学位级别】:博士
【文章目录】:
摘要
abstract
LIST OF ABBRIVATIONS
CHAPTER1 -INTRODUCTION
1.1 Effect of long-term inorganic fertilization on soil P fractions
1.2 Effect of long-term organic fertilization on soil P-fractions
1.3 Effect of tillage management on soil P fractions
1.4 Scientific question
1.5 Hypothesis
1.6 Objectives
CHAPTER2 -MATERIALS AND METHODS
2.1 Sites description
2.2 Cropping practices and fertilization treatments
2.3 Soil sampling and analysis
2.4 Soil phosphorus fractions
2.5 Sequential phosphorus fractionation method
2.5.1 Equipment needed
2.5.2 Soil Extraction
2.5.3 Determination of inorganic P from NaHCO3,NaOH and HCl Extracts
2.5.4 Determination of Total P from NaHCO3,NaOH and HCl Extracts
2.6 Calculation of P efficiency indices
2.7 Statistical analysis
CHAPTER3 -RESPONSES OF SOIL PHOSPHORUS FRACTIONS AND MOBILITY TO LONG TERM MINERAL FERTILIZATION UNDER DOUBLE RICE CROPPING SYSTEM IN FERRALIC CAMBISOL
Abstract
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Site description and experimental design
3.3 Results
3.3.1 Soil chemical properties
3.3.2 Soil P fractions affected by long term NPK applications
3.3.3 Relative proportions of P pools
3.3.4 Relationship between soil chemical properties and P-fractions
3.3.5 Grain yield,P uptake and P efficiency indices
3.3.6 Soil nutrients response to P pools and P uptake by the crop
3.4 Discussion
3.4.1 Relationship of soil properties and P fractions with NPK additions
3.4.2 Grain yield,P uptake and P efficiency indices
3.4.3 Pathways of transformations in soil P pools and P uptake
3.5 Conclusions
CHAPTER4 -CHANGES IN PHOSPHORUS FRACTIONS ASSOCIATED WITH SOIL CHEMICAL PROPERTIES UNDER LONG-TERM ORGANIC AND INORGANIC FERTILIZATION IN PADDY SOILS OF SOUTHERN CHINA
Abstract
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Sites description and experimental design
4.3 Results
4.3.1 Soil organic matter and pH
4.3.2 Changes in soil P fertility
4.3.3 Grain yield
4.3.4 Soil P fractions
4.3.5 P fractions affected by long-term inorganic and organic fertilizer applications
4.3.6 The Relationship of P fractions with other soil properties
4.3.7 Redundancy analysis(RDA)of the soil properties and different P fractions
4.4 Discussion
4.4.1 Soil P fractions and soil properties
4.4.2 Fractional distribution of soil P
4.5 Conclusions
CHAPTER5 -REPLACEMENT OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS WITH ORGANIC AMENDMENTS INCREASED THE RICE YIELD BY CHANGING PHOSPHORUS FRACTIONS IN A FLUVO-AQUIC SOIL
Abstract
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Site description and experimental design
5.3 Results
5.3.1 Grain yield,grain P uptake and P use efficiency indices
5.3.2 Soil chemical properties
5.3.3 Relative distribution of P fractions
5.4 Discussion
5.5 Conclusions
CHAPTER6 -ROLE OF SOIL MINERAL CONTENTS IN THE LABILITY OF PHOSPHORUS IN PURPLE PADDY SOILS UNDER LONG-TERM FERTILIZATION
Abstract
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Site description and experimental design
6.3 Results
6.3.1 Effect of long-term fertilization on soil properties
6.3.2 Effect of long-term fertilization on phosphorus fractions and P uptake..
6.4 Discussion
6.5 Conclusions
CHAPTER7 -PHOSPHORUS FRACTIONS,PHOSPHATASE ACTIVITIES AND CROP YIELD AFFECTED BY TILLAGE MANAGEMENT UNDER DIFFERENT PADDY SOILS
Abstract
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Site description and experimental design
7.3 Results
7.3.1 Soil organic matter and pH
7.3.2 Changes in soil P concentrations
7.3.3 Grain yield
7.3.4 Soil P-fractionation
7.3.5 P fractions affected by different tillage management
7.3.6 The effect of tillage on the relative proportions of P-pools
7.3.7 Soil phosphatase enzymes affected by tillage
7.3.8 Redundancy analysis(RDA)of soil properties,phosphatase enzymes,grain yield and different P-fractions
7.3.9 The contribution of soil properties and climatic factors to the grain yield by VPA
7.4 Discussion
7.4.1 Effect of tillage management on soil properties
7.4.2 Impact of tillage systems on soil phosphatase enzyme
7.4.3 Tillage management and the grain yield
7.4.4 Labile and moderately labile phosphorus pool
7.4.5 Non-labile phosphorous pool
7.5 Conclusions
CHAPTER8 -CONCLUSIONS
8.1 Research innovation
8.2 Future research prospects
REFERENCES
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
CURRICULUM VITAE
【参考文献】:
期刊论文
[1]长期施磷稻田土壤磷素累积及其潜在环境风险[J]. 颜晓,王德建,张刚,薄录吉,彭小兰. 中国生态农业学报. 2013(04)
[2]长期秸秆还田对冬小麦产量及土壤肥力的影响[J]. 徐祖祥. 山地农业生物学报. 2010(01)
[3]长期定位施肥对水稻、小麦产量和土壤养分的影响[J]. 徐祖祥. 浙江农业学报. 2009(05)
[4]不同施肥模式下稻田土壤微生物生物量磷对土壤有机碳和磷素变化的响应[J]. 陈安磊,王凯荣,谢小立,刘迎新. 应用生态学报. 2007(12)
[5]免耕直播对一季晚稻田土壤特性和杂交水稻生长及产量形成的影响[J]. 冯跃华,邹应斌,Roland J Buresh,许桂玲,敖和军,王淑红. 作物学报. 2006(11)
[6]不同耕作方式对稻田土壤动物、微生物及酶活性的影响研究[J]. 高明,周保同,魏朝富,谢德体,张磊. 应用生态学报. 2004(07)
本文编号:3476553
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