我国转型期公共政策执行中的央地政府利益关系研究

发布时间：2018-01-06 21:25

本文关键词：我国转型期公共政策执行中的央地政府利益关系研究　出处：《浙江师范大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：当下我国正处于计划经济向市场经济的转型时期,我国的经济社会各项事业取得了举世瞩目的巨大成就,各级政府制定和实施的各类公共政策已经成为其履行行政职责、实施社会治理最基本的手段之一,它已渗透到社会生活的各个层面,推动了我国经济社会各项事业的发展。但是随着改革开放的不断深化和扩展,国内公共政策在执行的过程中出现了一些新情况、新问题,我国公共政策的有效执行遭遇严重阻碍。党和政府如不能妥善解决好各类公共政策问题,针对这些公共问题制定合理的公共政策方案,并付诸有效的执行,必然会影响到群众对党和政府的公信力,人民群众的根本利益也会受到损害。为使公共政策得到合理有效的执行,我们势必要对现行的公共政策执行体系进行根本性的反思和深入分析。随着我国社会主义市场经济体制改革的深入,放权让利的思想使地方政府财权事权逐渐扩大。由于地方政府更接近资源的优势以及行政自主权的扩大,地方政府有了与中央政府对抗的资本。地方政府与中央政府对抗的原因在于：中央政府制定公共政策往往站在国家全局利益的整体高度,出台的政策不一定切合各地方实际情况；一些公共政策如我国房地产调控政策的立法障碍重重,不能纳入法律体系则无法保障中央政策的权威,地方政府的不力执行得不到处理；公共政策的本质是中央政府为实施政治统治和社会公共管理对公共利益进行选择和分配,因而公共政策从制定到执行必然会涉及到各方利益的协调,些既得利益者的利益必然受损,为了避免利益受损,地方政府便会利用自身所掌握的优势变通执行公共政策,选择有利于地方利益的部分执行。本文从我国公共政策执行中存在着执行主体即中央与地方政府不同的利益关系出发,以房地产条调控政策执行失灵为案例,分析中央与地方政府利益分歧对公共政策执行造成的影响及原因,探索公共政策有效执行的机制,协调央地政府之间的利益结构,从而充分发挥中央政府制定公共政策的职能,提高我国公共政策执行的效率。绪论部分主要概述了本文选题的背景和研究意义,从国内外两方面对以利益角度分析公共政策执行的文献进行了阐述,对贯穿本文的研究方法做了概述,并对本文中的相关概念和原理进行了界定。正文部分主要从以下几个方面论述：关于公共政策执行过程中的中央与地方政府利益关系分析。本部分首先对我国社会转型时期作了论述,指出转型时期中央与地方政府利益关系变迁、内涵与实质、构成要素以及存在的矛盾和冲突,主要表现在政治、经济和产权利益关系方面。以我国房地产调控政策执行失灵为例,阐述公共政策执行中央地政府利益关系的困境及其对我国公共政策执行的影响以及造成这种困境的原因分析。在案例分析的前提下,对中央与地方政府利益影响公共政策执行的原因进行了分析,主要原因包括公共政策文本质量不高、中央政策及权威未能法制化和中央与地方政府权力分配不合理、公共政策执行机制缺陷等。最后提出完善公共政策有效执行机制,协调中央与地方政府利益结构的途径,主要从提高公共政策质量、加强中央政策权威领导力、合理分配中央与地方政府权力结构、完善公共政策执行机制等方面来叙述。
[Abstract]:Our country is in the period of transition to market economy from planned economy, economic and social undertakings in China has made great achievements, all kinds of public policy formulation and implementation at all levels of government has become the administrative responsibility, the implementation of social governance in one of the most basic, it has penetrated into all aspects of social life. To promote the development of economy and society in our country. But with the deepening of reform and opening-up and the expansion of the domestic public policy, there are some new situations and new problems in the implementation process, the effective implementation of public policy in China suffered a serious obstacle. The party and the government if not properly resolve the various issues of public policy, the formulation of public a reasonable solution to these public policy issues, and put into effective implementation, will inevitably affect the masses of the party and the government's credibility, the fundamental interests of the people It will also be damaged. In order for the public policy to be implemented reasonably and effectively, it is necessary for us to have a deep reflection and in-depth analysis of the current public policy implementation system.
Along with our country socialist market economy system reform, decentralization thought that the local government powers gradually expanded. Because the local government is more close to the advantages of resources and the expansion of administrative autonomy, local governments have a confrontation with the central government. The capital lies in the local government and the central government against the central government to make public: often stand in the height of the overall policy interests of the country as a whole, the policy does not necessarily meet the local actual situation; legislative obstacles some public policies such as China's real estate regulatory policy is heavy, can not be incorporated into legal system cannot guarantee the authority of the central policy, local government enforced not dealing with the nature of public policy; the central government for the implementation of the political and social public management and distribution of public interests, the public policy from formulation to implementation Inevitably, it will involve the coordination of interests of all parties. The interests of some vested interests will be damaged. In order to avoid loss of interests, local governments will use their own advantages to carry out public policies and choose partial implementation that is good for local interests.
This paper from China's public policy implementation exists in the executive body of the central and local governments of different interests, in the real estate regulation policy as a case, analysis of divergent interests of central and local government on the implementation of public policy impacts and causes, to explore the mechanism of the effective implementation of public policy, to coordinate the interests between the central structure to the government, so as to give full play to the central government's public policy functions, improve the efficiency of China's public policy implementation.
The introduction part mainly introduces the background and meaning of this topic at home and abroad from two aspects of the benefit analysis of public policy implementation literature is discussed, the research methods throughout this article are summarized, and the related concepts in this paper and the principle are defined.
The main body of the text is mainly discussed in the following aspects:
Analysis on the relationship between central and local government interests in the process of public policy implementation. The first part discusses the social transition of our country, points out that the change of interest relations between the central and local governments during the transition period, the connotation and essence of the elements and the existence of contradictions and conflicts, mainly in politics, economy and property interests.
Taking China's real estate regulation policy implementation failure as an example, this paper expounds the dilemma of public policy implementation central government interest relations and its impact on China's public policy implementation, as well as the cause of this dilemma.
Based on case analysis, the central and local government interests in public policy implementation were analyzed, including the main reasons of public policy text quality is not high, the central policy and the authority of law and to the central and local government power distribution, public policy implementation mechanism defects.
The effective implementation of public policy mechanism, ways to coordinate the central and local government interests structure, mainly from improving the quality of public policy, strengthen the central policy authority leadership, reasonable distribution of the central and local government power structure, improve the implementation mechanism of the public policy aspects described.

【学位授予单位】：浙江师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D63;D625

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