基于公共价值账户的社会发展综合评价与实测

发布时间：2018-02-16 21:09

  本文关键词： 市场价值 GDP 公共价值 社会综合发展 测度　出处：《华中科技大学》2015年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：市场社会中GDP被视为衡量社会经济发展的重要指标,相应地追求经济价值成为政府部门的战略重心,从客观上导致其它同样重要的人类价值遭到不同程度的削弱甚至破坏,长期来看这不仅对社会良性发展带来负面影响,而且最终也可能危及到通过物质财富搭建起来的经济繁荣。众多颇具影响力的社会科学研究已经共同表明,幸福和自由等目标才是人类社会发展的终极追求,而财富仅是达成目标的手段,过分注重经济增长的发展方式误把手段当目标,不断引发一系列新的社会问题,因此频繁受到理论及实践界的质疑。人类社会发展并不存在一劳永逸的解决之道,当下社会发展观念正在转型,在物质生活水平得到普遍提升后,人们开始关注经济增长以外的生态环境、社会公平等价值诉求。 公共价值理论产生于市场价值盛行的时代背景下,这一理论认为,除了经济价值以外,社会中还存在其他价值,社会发展是各种公共价值的共同增进。与私营部门为股东创造价值一样,公共部门可以为社会创造公共价值。公共管理者应摒弃遵章办事的传统官僚制思维,转而根据社会需要以及对周围环境的灵活理解,确立公共价值目标、争取获得上级授权和社会支持、最终切实向社会提供各类符合价值期待的公共产品及公共服务。公共价值理论与传统公共行政中科层制所强调的官僚制原则明显不同,也与新公共管理中的政府改革具有本质区别,它关注社会发展中的一切公共利益,重视共识的达成在实现公共利益过程中具有的独特地位,要求公共管理者从公共政策的执行者转变为价值创新的探索者及创造者。公共价值理论正在从根本上重新塑造公共管理。 本文首先从社会发展中存在多元公共价值的角度出发,从既有研究中认识到可分别从主、客观方面对公共价值进行衡量,发现公共价值的提供与政府绩效密切相关,进而结合我国当前的实际情况提出社会发展的公共价值账户,具体由政治价值、经济价值、文化价值、社会价值、生态价值共5部分的20个价值类别构成。其次,本着全面衡量社会发展的研究目的,根据公共价值账户拟定的内容及范围,结合从各类权威统计年鉴获取到的数据资料,共搜集到与社会发展各类公共价值相关且数据完整的统计指标155项,在此基础上依次进行14次因子分析,从中遴选出最具代表性的39项指标参与评估。再次,通过熵值法对所有指标进行客观赋权,分别得到指标权重、组内权重及大类权重,构建出各类公共价值指数模型。最后通过模型对我国改革开放30余年社会发展的公共价值水平进行实际测量,从客观方面分别测算出1981-2012年国家层面及1978-2008年省域层面的公共价值指数,并相应进行时间序列和聚类分析；主观方面对贵州省毕节地区普通民众进行深度访谈,以了解公众对当地政府公共价值目标的认同程度。 研究结果表明,改革开放30余年来我国社会发展的公共价值水平整体呈上升趋势,各类公共价值均得到不同程度的增进。从国家层面而言,除政治价值、社会价值、生态价值在前期出现一定起伏外,经济价值、文化价值、综合性公共价值均表现出稳定上升态势,且在2000年后增长速度普遍大幅提升。从对全国28省市的考察结果来看,各类公共价值在总体上升的同时表现出以下特点：经济越发达的省份公共价值往往越高,但同时生态价值则越低；落后地区提升公共价值水平的当务之急,仍然是因地制宜地加大经济发展力度。
[Abstract]:In the market society GDP is regarded as an important measure of social and economic development, the pursuit of economic value has become a strategic focus of government departments, objectively lead to other equally important human values by varying degrees of weakened or even destroyed, the long run not only for the healthy development of society have a negative impact, but also may endanger the building the material wealth of economic prosperity. Social science research has many influential shows that happiness and freedom is the ultimate goal of the pursuit of the development of human society, and wealth is only means to reach the goal of development, economic growth mode pays too much attention to the mistake when the target means, continue to lead to a series of new social problems. So frequently questioned in both theory and practice. The development of human society there is no silver bullet, the concept of social development When the material living standard is generally promoted, people begin to pay attention to the ecological environment outside the economic growth, social equity and other values.
From the market value in the era of the background of public value theory, the theory is that in addition to economic value, the other value still exists in society, social development is the common value. To improve the public and private sectors to create value for shareholders, the public sector can create public value for society. Public managers should abandon compliance chapter. The traditional bureaucratic thinking, and according to the needs of society and a flexible understanding of the surrounding environment, the establishment of public value goal, strive to obtain the authorization of the higher authority and social support, and ultimately to the society to provide a variety of public products and public services. The value expectation of public value theory and the traditional public administration, bureaucracy system principle that is obviously different, has essential difference with the government reform in new public management, it pays attention to all the public interest in the social development, pay attention to The unique position of consensus in the process of realizing public interest requires public administrators to transform from public policy executors to explorers and creators of value innovation. Public value theory is fundamentally re shaping public administration.
This paper from the social development in pluralism of public value perspective, based on the existing knowledge can be separately from the main to study, to measure the public value objectively, provide public value and government performance are closely related, and then combined with the current situation in our country puts forward the public value account of the development of the society, by the specific political value, economic value, cultural value, social value, ecological value of 20 categories of value consists of 5 parts constitute. Secondly, based on objective comprehensive measure of social development, according to the public value account proposed the content and scope, with all kinds of authority from access to the statistical yearbook data were collected and statistical indicators of social the development of all kinds of public value and data integrity 155, based on the analysis of the 14 factors were selected from the first, the 39 most representative to participate in the assessment. Again, all the indicators of objective weight by entropy method, the index weights were obtained. The group weights and weights, construct public value index model. Finally through the actual measurement of the public value level for more than 30 years of reform and opening up of China's social development model, objectively calculates 1981-2012 years at the national level and the public value index for 1978-2008 years at provincial level, and the corresponding analysis and clustering of time series; subjective depth interview of ordinary people in Bijie area of Guizhou Province, to understand the public acceptance of local government public value target.
The results show that the reform and opening up the public value level of more than 30 years of China's social development of the overall upward trend, all kinds of public value are increased in different degrees. From the national level, in addition to the political value, social value, ecological value appeared some ups and downs in the early stage, economic value, cultural value, comprehensive public value show a steady upward trend, and the growth rate in 2000 generally increased dramatically. From the results of investigation of 28 provinces and cities nationwide, all kinds of public value in the overall rise at the same time showed the following characteristics: the public value of the more economically developed provinces are higher, but at the same time, the ecological value is lower; enhance the level of public value is a pressing matter of the moment the backward areas, is still to increase the intensity of economic development.

【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D630
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本文编号：1516438