政策类型视野下的政府职能转变研究

发布时间：2018-03-26 18:50

本文选题：政策类型　切入点：政府职能　出处：《南京大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：改革开放以来,中国发生了翻天覆地的变化,不仅社会经济模式由原本的计划经济向社会主义市场经济转变,政府职能模式也由统治型转向了管理型。随着市场化、全球化的推进与新公共管理运动的兴起,管理型政府模式与市场经济之间不可避免存在着摩擦与矛盾,在市场化、信息化、社会化条件下,迫切需要政府职能的再转型,从管理型政府向服务型政府转变。从二十世纪八十年代政府职能转变的首次提出至今,转变政府职能一直是我国行政体制改革的重要主题之一。经过多年行政体制改革的实践与转变政府职能的努力,我国政府职能究竟发生了怎样的变化?如何来观察和描述政府职能的转变?政府职能转变过程中存在哪些问题?未来的发展方向如何?围绕上述问题,本文首先阐述了政府职能与公共政策的内涵及特征、公共政策类型的基本理论,回顾梳理了国内外研究政府职能转变与公共政策类型的文献资料。其次,基于已有的相关理论,运用内容分析法着重对我国改革开放以来即1978年至2014年期间中央政府层面颁布的626份高等教育政策文本进行分析研究。主要从政策文本的年度、政策文本的发文单位、教育政策的作用范围以及教育政策类型这几个方面构建本文的分析维度；确定以政策文本的具体内容作为研究的分析单元,根据类目设置对其进行编码,在此基础上进行总体情况分析以及相关维度的频数统计与量化分析,具体描述我国改革开放以来不同时间段的高等教育政策分属于何种公共政策类型,根据政府权力的作用范围和运作方式,体现出政府职能转变的现状以及从政策文本内容出发,总结出我国改革开放以来普通高等教育政策嬗变的逻辑。最后,在对我国普通高等教育政策类型进行量化分析的基础上,归纳总结出我国政府职能转变中存在的两种矛盾：理想与现实的矛盾以及管制与服务的矛盾。同时介绍并借鉴发达国家如美国、欧盟、日本政府职能转变的成功经验,指出建设有限的、服务型政府模式是我国政府职能转变的未来发展方向。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up to the outside world, great changes have taken place in China. Not only has the social and economic model changed from a planned economy to a socialist market economy, but the mode of government functions has also changed from a ruling one to a managerial one. With the advancement of globalization and the rise of new public management movement, there are inevitable frictions and contradictions between the mode of management-oriented government and the market economy. Under the conditions of marketization, informatization and socialization, the re-transformation of government functions is urgently needed. From managerial to service-oriented government. From the first time the transformation of government functions was put forward in the eighties of the 20th century, The transformation of government functions has always been one of the important themes of administrative system reform in our country. After many years of practice of administrative system reform and efforts to transform government functions, what kind of changes have taken place in our government functions? How to observe and describe the transformation of government functions? What are the problems in the process of government function transformation? What is the direction of development in the future? Focusing on the above problems, this paper firstly expounds the connotation and characteristics of government function and public policy, the basic theory of public policy type, reviews and combs the literature and materials on the transformation of government function and the type of public policy at home and abroad. Based on the existing relevant theories, this paper focuses on the analysis and study of 626 policy texts on higher education issued by the central government from 1978 to 2014 since China's reform and opening up. The analysis dimension of this paper is constructed in the aspects of the issuing unit of policy text, the scope of education policy and the type of education policy, and the specific content of policy text is determined as the analysis unit to code it according to the category setting. On this basis, the general situation analysis and frequency statistics and quantitative analysis of the relevant dimensions are carried out, and the types of higher education policies in different periods of time since China's reform and opening up are described in detail. According to the scope and mode of operation of government power, it reflects the current situation of the transformation of government functions and summarizes the logic of the evolution of general higher education policies since the reform and opening up in our country from the content of policy texts. On the basis of quantitative analysis of the types of general higher education policies in China, This paper sums up two kinds of contradictions in the transformation of government functions in China: the contradiction between ideal and reality, the contradiction between regulation and service, and the successful experience of government function transformation in developed countries such as the United States, European Union and Japan. It is pointed out that the construction of limited and service-oriented government model is the future development direction of the transformation of government functions in our country.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D630

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