非法持有枪支罪的构成要件

发布时间：2018-04-20 20:46

  本文选题：非法持有枪支罪 + 持有　； 参考：《华东政法大学学报》2017年06期

【摘要】：非法持有枪支罪以往未得到刑法理论的充分重视。赵春华案之后,非法持有枪支罪的构成要件的研究具有了实际的紧迫性。第一,应当区分非法持有枪支罪的"持有"与非法持有毒品罪的"持有",枪支不是一次性消耗品,持枪自娱与持枪犯罪之间不存在互斥关系,不同的用途可以并存。即使能够证明持枪目的是为了摆摊游戏,也不能排除将枪支用于实施未然之罪的可能性。第二,应当区分持枪与开枪,不能把开枪后能否致人重伤或死亡,作为认定"枪支"的决定性因素。即使客观致伤力相对低微,只要所持枪形物的外部形象足以让公众产生危惧感,就可以认定为"枪支"。第三,应当区分"违反枪支管理法规"与"非法",后者不是前者的同义反复,而应理解为整个法秩序。作为国民文娱生活传统一部分的射击游戏,即使违反了具体的实定法规定,也应当在整体性的法秩序评价中被正当化。第四,应当区分对枪支的认识错误与对持枪是否违法的认识错误,前者是构成要件错误,可以排除故意;后者是违法性认识错误,可以减免责任。
[Abstract]:The crime of illegal possession of firearms has not been paid enough attention to by the theory of criminal law in the past. After Zhao Chunhua case, the research on the constitutive elements of the crime of illegal possession of firearms has a practical urgency. First, a distinction should be made between the "possession" of illegal possession of firearms and the "possession" of illegal possession of drugs. Guns are not disposable consumables, and there is no mutually exclusive relationship between armed entertainment and armed crimes, and different uses can coexist. Even if it can be proved that the purpose of the gun is to play the game, the possibility of using the gun to commit a crime before it can be ruled out. Second, it is necessary to distinguish the gun from the gunshot, and not to regard whether the gun can cause serious injury or death after the shooting, as the decisive factor in the determination of "gun". Even if the objective injury is relatively low, it can be regarded as a "gun" as long as the external image of the gunthing is enough to create a sense of fear among the public. Third, the distinction should be made between "violation of gun regulations" and "illegal", which is not synonymous with the former, but should be understood as the whole legal order. The shooting game, which is part of the traditional national cultural and recreational life, should be justified in the evaluation of the overall legal order, even if it violates the specific provisions of the law. Fourth, we should distinguish between the mistake of understanding the gun and the mistake of whether the gun is illegal. The former is the mistake of the constitutive elements and can be excluded intentionally; the latter is the mistake of illegality, and the responsibility can be reduced.
【作者单位】： 北京大学法学院;
【基金】：国家社科基金重大项目“构建中国特色案例制度的综合系统研究”(项目号16ZDA068)的阶段性研究成果
【分类号】：D924.3
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本文编号：1779356