六大以来我国“短命建筑”现象研究

发布时间：2018-06-15 19:05

本文选题：“短命建筑” + 公共政策过程　；参考：《中共中央党校》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：习近平总书记指出,我们的目标是实现两个一百年的目标,也就是实现中华民族的伟大复兴。纵观西方历史可以发现,城镇化是实现现代化不可或缺的重要途径。所以顺应历史发展规律,积极稳妥的推进城镇化,对于我国现代化的建设、民族的复习、中国梦的实现都具有重大意义。特别是从十六大以来,我国城镇化进入以城乡统筹为主的城镇化加速发展阶段。到目前为止,我国城镇化取得了令人瞩目的成就,但是同时也出现了许多形形色色的问题,本文将专注于研究其中的问题之一,即“短命建筑”。本文认为“短命建筑”是一个经济问题,是一个社会问题,是一个建筑问题,但更是一个公共管理问题。因为无论是商业建筑还是公共工程建筑都会涉及到大量的人力物力财力的投入,这必定会给周围的生态环境和人文环境带来各种各样的影响,在几乎所有的国家都需要审批和监管,所以本文认为可以把“短命建筑”问题视为一个“公共政策”问题,进而可以引入公共政策过程分析理论对其进行分析。而我国近期频频出现的“短命建筑”现象已经充分说明了我国政府在大型建筑的审批和监管方面远远没有履行好自己的职责,所以本文在分析“短命建筑”的成因、负面影响的基础上,进一步借助公共政策过程理论提出遏制乃至杜绝“短命建筑”的若干建议。本文认为“短命建筑”出现的原因很多,包括政府为了追求政绩和形象工程,政府为了追求暴利,城市规划缺乏科学性、连续性、预见性,城市建筑工程监管的缺失,缺乏公民参与等等原因。同时本文认为“短命建筑”的建设和拆除也带来了许多负面影响,包括产生大量的建筑垃圾、污染城市环境,浪费了巨大的社会财富,带来巨大的民生成本和社会成本、甚至引发一系列社会问题,使城市文化断裂、个性丢失,使政府产生信任危机等等影响。那么如何遏制乃至杜绝“短命建筑”呢?本文在这里将会结合“公共政策过程分析理论”来提出若干建议,包括在公共政策的制定阶段如何避免“短命建筑”,包括注重民主原则、注重科学原则、注重预见原则;在公共政策的执行阶段如何避免“短命建筑”,包括注重稳定性原则、注重监督性原则、大力推进建筑产业化;在公共政策的评估阶段如何避免“短命建筑”,包括注重调适性原则、注重终结性原则、注意学习经验吸取教训;在公共政策的监督阶段如何避免“短命建筑”,包括建筑立项阶段要有人民群众的参与、公共工程的相关信息要公开以便接受公众和媒体的监督、加强对相关责任人的事后追究。
[Abstract]:General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that our goal is to achieve two hundred years, that is, to achieve the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Throughout western history, we can find that urbanization is an indispensable and important way to realize modernization. Therefore, it is of great significance to conform to the law of historical development and promote urbanization actively and steadily, which is of great significance to the modernization construction of our country, the review of the nation and the realization of Chinese Dream. Especially since the 16th National Congress, China's urbanization has entered an accelerated stage of urban-rural urbanization. So far, China's urbanization has made remarkable achievements, but at the same time, there are many kinds of problems. This paper will focus on one of the problems, that is, "short life architecture". This paper holds that "short-lived architecture" is an economic problem, a social problem, an architectural problem, but also a public management problem. Because both commercial buildings and public works buildings will involve a large amount of human, material and financial resources, which will inevitably bring all kinds of impacts to the surrounding ecological environment and the humanistic environment. In almost all countries, examination and approval and supervision are needed, so this paper thinks that the problem of "short-lived building" can be regarded as a "public policy" problem, and then it can be analyzed by introducing the theory of process analysis of public policy. However, the phenomenon of "short-lived buildings" that frequently appears in our country recently has fully explained that the Chinese government has far from fulfilling its responsibilities in the examination and approval and supervision of large buildings, so this paper is analyzing the causes of "short-lived buildings". On the basis of the negative influence, some suggestions on containment and even elimination of "short-lived architecture" are put forward with the help of the theory of public policy process. This paper holds that there are many reasons for the emergence of "short-lived architecture", including the government's pursuit of political achievements and image projects, the government's pursuit of profiteering, the lack of scientific, continuous, predictable, and the lack of supervision of urban construction projects. Lack of citizen participation and so on. At the same time, this paper holds that the construction and demolition of "short-lived buildings" have brought many negative effects, including the production of a large amount of construction waste, the pollution of the urban environment, the waste of huge social wealth, the enormous cost of people's livelihood and the social cost. Even causes a series of social problems, causes the city culture to break, the individuality loses, causes the government to produce the trust crisis and so on influence. So how to curb or even eliminate "short-lived buildings"? This article will combine "the public policy process analysis theory" to put forward some suggestions, including how to avoid "short-lived construction" in the public policy formulation stage, including paying attention to the democratic principle, the scientific principle and the foresight principle; How to avoid "short-lived buildings" in the stage of public policy implementation, including paying attention to the principle of stability, paying attention to the principle of supervision, and vigorously promoting the industrialization of buildings, and how to avoid "short-lived buildings" in the stage of public policy evaluation, They include paying attention to the principles of adaptability, summing-up and learning experiences and lessons learned; how to avoid "short-lived buildings" in the supervisory stage of public policies, including the participation of the masses of the people in the construction project stage. Public works information should be made public for public and media supervision, and accountability of those responsible should be strengthened.
【学位授予单位】：中共中央党校
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TU201;F426.92

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