决策框架和参照点对公平判断的影响研究

发布时间：2018-05-27 04:20

本文选题：参照依赖 + 公平判断　；参考：《华中师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文从参照依赖的角度出发,详细探讨了参照点和框架对公平判断的影响。研究一通过两个实验探讨了参照点对公平判断的影响,实验一结果发现个体在有无参照点的情景下,对公平判断的评分有边缘显著差异,即说明参照点提供了一个可供比较的对象,使得个体的公平判断降低。在实验二中考查了个体在单个参照点的情况下对公平判断的感知。结果发现,个体最后实际获得的工资越高,感知到的公平程度就越强。研究二中探讨了单双参照点和得失框架的情景下,对个体公平判断的影响。结果发现：相对于单参照点,双参照点情景下个体感知到更强的不公平；损失框架下被试的公平判断得分显著低于获得框架下被试的评分,也就是说在损失框架下个体感知到更强的不公平,此外我们还发现,得失框架和单双参照点对公平判断的影响有交互作用,在获得的框架下,被试对单双参照点下的公平判断评分有显著差异,在损失框架下没有显著差异；而在单双参照点两种情景下,被试对得失框架下的公平判断评分均有显著差异,且单参照点情景下的差异大于双参照点情景下。研究三采用2×2×2完全随机实验设计,主要考察过程公平、得失框架和表达方式及其交互作用对公平判断的影响。结果发现：过程公平的主效应显著,不公平情景下被试的公平判断得分显著低于公平情景下的被试评分,即过程公平与否会影响个体对最终公平程度的评价；得失框架的主效应也显著,即损失框架下个体感知到更强的不公平,此外,得失框架和过程公平的交互作用显著,损失的框架下,被试对过程公平情景下的公平判断评分有显著差异,获得框架下差异不显著。从上述结果可知,框架可以作为参照点并稳定的影响公平判断。这些研究结果可以帮助我们更好的理解自己和他人如何判断公平,并帮助我们做出更好的管理决策和生活决策。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the influence of reference point and frame on fair judgment is discussed in detail from the point of view of reference dependence. In the first study, we discussed the influence of reference points on fair judgment through two experiments. The results of experiment 1 showed that there were significant marginal differences in the scores of fair judgment between individuals with or without reference points. That is to say, the reference point provides a comparable object, which reduces the individual's fair judgment. In experiment 2, we examined the perception of fair judgment at a single point of reference. It was found that the higher the actual salary, the greater the perceived fairness. In the second study, the influence of single and double reference points and the frame of gain and loss on individual fair judgment is discussed. The results showed that: compared with the single reference point, the individual perceived greater unfairness under the double reference point situation, and the score of the subjects' fair judgment under the loss framework was significantly lower than that of the subjects under the acquisition frame. In other words, in the framework of loss, individuals feel more unfair. In addition, we also find that there is interaction between gain and loss frame and single and double reference points on fair judgment. There were significant differences in the scores of fair judgment between the subjects under the single and double reference points, but not in the loss frame, while in the two scenarios of the single and double reference points, there were significant differences in the scores of the fair judgment under the frame of gain and loss. The difference of single reference point scenario is greater than that of double reference point scenario. In the third study, 2 脳 2 脳 2 脳 2 complete random experimental design was used to investigate the effects of process fairness, gain / loss frame, expression mode and their interaction on fair judgment. The results show that the main effect of process fairness is significant, and the score of fair judgment of subjects under unfair situation is significantly lower than that of subjects under fair situation, that is, whether the process is fair or not will affect the evaluation of the degree of final fairness. The main effect of gain and loss frame is also significant, that is, the individual perceives more unfair under the frame of loss, in addition, the interaction between gain and loss frame and process fairness is significant, under the frame of loss, There were significant differences in the scores of process fairness in subjects, but there was no significant difference under the framework of acquisition. From the above results, we can see that the framework can be used as a reference point and a stable influence on fair judgment. These findings can help us better understand how we and others judge fairness and help us make better management and life decisions.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：C934

【参考文献】