政府研发资助对企业技术创新效率的影响研究
发布时间：2018-07-29 16:34
【摘要】：改革开放以来,我国创新能力不断增强,RD资金投入、从业人员数量和发明专利的申请数量都大幅增加。近几年为促进企业自主创新,我国政府不断加大支持力度,RD扶持体系逐步健全。对我国企业创新而言,科技成果转化率不高,研发与经济一体化,缺乏关键核心技术等问题还没有根本解决。面对持续攀升的财政科技拨款,我国政府不断加大的RD资助的创新效果如何?这些资金的利用效率如何?现有文献主要集中在政府补贴对企业技术创新投入产出量的影响上,而对在政府补助下企业的创新过程是否具有效率关注不够,政府研发资金的不合理配置,会降低整个地区企业的技术创新效率。本文试图从效率的角度,加入政府补贴程度等因素,在已有文献的基础上,研究政府研发资助对企业技术创新效率的影响,对政府研发资助如何提高不同地区企业创新效率有一定理论意义和现实应用价值。本文分为五章。第一章对政府研发资助和企业技术效率的有关文献作了梳理,提出了文本的研究方向与研究思路。第二章从理论方面分析了政府研发资助对企业技术创新效率的作用机制。基于企业技术创新效率的特征,阐述政府对创新给予激励的必要性以及政府激励企业创新的方式,分析技术创新效率以及影响技术创新效率的因素,以及在信息不对称的情况下,政府与企业创新之间的博弈关系。第三章分析企业技术创新的现状和政府研发资助的现状。目前,企业已成为RD活动的主体,RD产投入和产出增加,产学研紧密合作。同时也存在着投入产出绩效不高,自主创新不足等问题。我国政府科技拨款持续增长,地方政府科技拨款在政府科技拨款中的比重加大,同时地区发展不平衡,资源配置不合理。第四章,利用DEA-tobi俩步法以2006～2011年的数据为样本,对30个省级地区的大中型企业的政府补贴与企业技术创新效率进行了实证检验,结论是：①我国企业技术创新效率不高,各地区之间差异明显,中西部地区要着力提高纯技术效率。②政府资金投入和RD人员投入出现冗余的情况在全国各地区中普遍存.在。③西部地区科技成果商业转化能力不强。④东部地区企业技术创新效率随着政府资金占企业RD资金总量的比例的增大而降低。最后提出政策建议,认为政府部门需要适当增加研发投入,改革政府研发投入方式,提高政府RD资金的使用效率,以市场为导向帮助科技成果向商业成果的转化,建设各具特色的区域创新体系,从而进一步提高企业的自主创新能力。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, the innovation ability of our country has continuously strengthened the R D investment, the number of employees and the number of applications for invention patent have increased greatly. In recent years, in order to promote the independent innovation of enterprises, our government has been increasing the support efforts and gradually sound Rd support system. For the innovation of Chinese enterprises, the transformation rate of scientific and technological achievements is not high, the integration of R & D and economy, the lack of key core technology and so on have not been solved. In the face of the increasing financial and technological funding, what are the innovative effects of the increasing R D funding from the Chinese government? What is the efficiency with which these funds are used? The existing literature mainly focuses on the effect of government subsidies on the output of enterprises' technological innovation input, but it does not pay enough attention to the efficiency of enterprises' innovation process under government subsidy, and the unreasonable allocation of government R & D funds. It will reduce the efficiency of technological innovation of enterprises in the whole region. This paper attempts to study the effect of government R & D funding on the efficiency of enterprise technological innovation from the perspective of efficiency, including the degree of government subsidies and other factors, based on the existing literature. It has certain theoretical significance and practical application value on how to improve the innovation efficiency of enterprises in different regions. This paper is divided into five chapters. The first chapter combs the literature about government R & D aid and enterprise technology efficiency, and puts forward the research direction and thought of the text. The second chapter analyzes the mechanism of government R & D support on the efficiency of enterprise technology innovation from the theoretical point of view. Based on the characteristics of technological innovation efficiency of enterprises, this paper expounds the necessity of government incentives for innovation and the ways in which the government encourages enterprises to innovate, and analyzes the efficiency of technological innovation and the factors that affect the efficiency of technological innovation. And in the case of asymmetric information, the game relationship between government and enterprise innovation. The third chapter analyzes the status of technological innovation and government R & D funding. At present, enterprises have become the main body of R D activities, R D input and output increase, close cooperation between industry, university and research. At the same time, there are also problems such as low input-output performance and insufficient independent innovation. Our country government science and technology appropriation continues to increase, the local government science and technology appropriation in the government science and technology appropriation proportion increases, at the same time the area development is not balanced, the resources allocation is unreasonable. In the fourth chapter, using the DEA-tobi two-step method, taking the data from 2006 to 2011 as the sample, the paper makes an empirical test on the government subsidy and technological innovation efficiency of large and medium-sized enterprises in 30 provincial areas. The conclusion is that the technological innovation efficiency of enterprises in China is not high. There are obvious differences among different regions. The central and western regions should make great efforts to improve the pure technical efficiency .2 the situation of redundancy of government funds and R D personnel input is widespread in all regions of the country. The technological innovation efficiency of enterprises in the eastern region decreases with the increase of the proportion of government funds to the total R D funds of enterprises. Finally, the paper puts forward some policy suggestions, that government departments need to appropriately increase R & D investment, reform government R & D investment methods, improve the efficiency of using government R D funds, and take the market as a guide to help the transformation of scientific and technological achievements to commercial achievements. Build regional innovation system with its own characteristics to further improve the independent innovation ability of enterprises.
【学位授予单位】：南京财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F273.1;F812.45
本文编号：2153306
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, the innovation ability of our country has continuously strengthened the R D investment, the number of employees and the number of applications for invention patent have increased greatly. In recent years, in order to promote the independent innovation of enterprises, our government has been increasing the support efforts and gradually sound Rd support system. For the innovation of Chinese enterprises, the transformation rate of scientific and technological achievements is not high, the integration of R & D and economy, the lack of key core technology and so on have not been solved. In the face of the increasing financial and technological funding, what are the innovative effects of the increasing R D funding from the Chinese government? What is the efficiency with which these funds are used? The existing literature mainly focuses on the effect of government subsidies on the output of enterprises' technological innovation input, but it does not pay enough attention to the efficiency of enterprises' innovation process under government subsidy, and the unreasonable allocation of government R & D funds. It will reduce the efficiency of technological innovation of enterprises in the whole region. This paper attempts to study the effect of government R & D funding on the efficiency of enterprise technological innovation from the perspective of efficiency, including the degree of government subsidies and other factors, based on the existing literature. It has certain theoretical significance and practical application value on how to improve the innovation efficiency of enterprises in different regions. This paper is divided into five chapters. The first chapter combs the literature about government R & D aid and enterprise technology efficiency, and puts forward the research direction and thought of the text. The second chapter analyzes the mechanism of government R & D support on the efficiency of enterprise technology innovation from the theoretical point of view. Based on the characteristics of technological innovation efficiency of enterprises, this paper expounds the necessity of government incentives for innovation and the ways in which the government encourages enterprises to innovate, and analyzes the efficiency of technological innovation and the factors that affect the efficiency of technological innovation. And in the case of asymmetric information, the game relationship between government and enterprise innovation. The third chapter analyzes the status of technological innovation and government R & D funding. At present, enterprises have become the main body of R D activities, R D input and output increase, close cooperation between industry, university and research. At the same time, there are also problems such as low input-output performance and insufficient independent innovation. Our country government science and technology appropriation continues to increase, the local government science and technology appropriation in the government science and technology appropriation proportion increases, at the same time the area development is not balanced, the resources allocation is unreasonable. In the fourth chapter, using the DEA-tobi two-step method, taking the data from 2006 to 2011 as the sample, the paper makes an empirical test on the government subsidy and technological innovation efficiency of large and medium-sized enterprises in 30 provincial areas. The conclusion is that the technological innovation efficiency of enterprises in China is not high. There are obvious differences among different regions. The central and western regions should make great efforts to improve the pure technical efficiency .2 the situation of redundancy of government funds and R D personnel input is widespread in all regions of the country. The technological innovation efficiency of enterprises in the eastern region decreases with the increase of the proportion of government funds to the total R D funds of enterprises. Finally, the paper puts forward some policy suggestions, that government departments need to appropriately increase R & D investment, reform government R & D investment methods, improve the efficiency of using government R D funds, and take the market as a guide to help the transformation of scientific and technological achievements to commercial achievements. Build regional innovation system with its own characteristics to further improve the independent innovation ability of enterprises.
【学位授予单位】：南京财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F273.1;F812.45
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