射频识别技术在库存管理中标签数目估计研究

发布时间：2018-04-04 10:18

本文选题：射频识别技术　切入点：库存管理　出处：《太原理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：射频识别技术(Radio Frequency Identification，RFID)作为自动识别技术的一种，已经被广泛的应用到诸如库存管理、物流运输、交通监控、目标跟踪等多个领域中。由于该技术可同时识别多个运动的目标，能够实现无障碍的快速扫描以及存储数据容量大的特性，因此将RFID技术用在库存管理中，可以实现数据的自动采集，改善库存管理的流程，大大提高库存管理的效率。货物进入仓库之后，，对于货物的监控管理也是库存管理中一个亟待解决的问题。由于货物数量巨大，种类庞多，企业要根据现存商品的数目来决定是否补充货源。因此企业需要及时了解库存中货物的情况，方便企业的管理。在大型RFID系统中，已经有大量的工作专注于解决标签数目估计问题。然而，这些研究方法都是考虑时间有效性，就是达到用户指定的精度条件下在最短的时间内估计出标签的数目，而现代库存管理应用的是有源标签，这些方法都没有考虑到能量的消耗，导致每个标签消耗的能量分布不均匀，缩短系统的寿命。因此，在库存管理中需要一种平衡每个标签消耗的能量的方法。本文针对库存管理的实际需求，提出了有源RFID系统中估计标签数目时的能量平衡(Energy Balance Estimation，EBE)算法，该算法主要分为两个阶段—初始阶段和迭代阶段，在达到精度要求的前提下，尽量减少标签的响应次数，并使得每个标签的响应次数达到平均值。通过理论分析与实验仿真，可以看出该算法在能量平衡上达到了预期的效果。最后，分析了该算法的缺陷，在该能量平衡算法的基础上，提出了改进的能量平衡(Generalized Energy Balance Estimation，GEBE)算法。此算法增加了一帧中时隙的个数，有效避免了标签的冲突问题，在节约能量方面取得了更大的进步。仿真结果也验证了该算法的优越性。
[Abstract]:Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), as an automatic identification technology, has been widely used in many fields such as inventory management, logistics transportation, traffic monitoring, target tracking and so on.Because this technology can identify multiple moving targets simultaneously, it can realize fast scanning without obstacles and large data storage capacity, so the RFID technology can be used in inventory management to realize the automatic data acquisition.Improve the process of inventory management, greatly improve the efficiency of inventory management.After the goods enter the warehouse, the monitoring and management of goods is also an urgent problem in inventory management.Because of the huge quantity of goods and the variety of goods, enterprises have to decide whether to replenish the supply according to the number of existing goods.Therefore, enterprises need to know the situation of goods in stock in time, facilitate the management of enterprises.In large RFID systems, a lot of work has been done to solve the problem of tag number estimation.However, these research methods consider time validity, that is, the number of tags can be estimated in the shortest time under the condition of user-specified precision, while the active label is used in modern inventory management.These methods do not take energy consumption into account, which leads to uneven distribution of energy consumption per label and shortens the life of the system.Therefore, there is a need to balance the energy consumption of each label in inventory management.In this paper, according to the actual requirement of inventory management, an energy Balance estimation method is proposed for estimating the number of tags in active RFID system. The algorithm is divided into two stages: initial stage and iterative stage.Minimize the number of responses to each tag, and make the average number of responses per tag.Through theoretical analysis and experimental simulation, it can be seen that the proposed algorithm achieves the desired results in energy balance.Finally, the defects of the algorithm are analyzed. Based on the energy balance algorithm, an improved generalized Energy Balance estimation method is proposed.This algorithm increases the number of time slots in a frame, effectively avoids the problem of tag collision, and makes more progress in energy saving.Simulation results also verify the superiority of the algorithm.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TP391.44

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