基于关键链技术的工程项目进度管理研究

发布时间：2018-06-18 13:59

本文选题：进度计划 + 关键链　；参考：《中国海洋大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来项目管理逐渐成为一门非常重要的学科,进度管理作为它的重要内容之一,直接决定着项目目标能否实现,其中制定一个科学合理的进度计划是进度管理成功的关键。然而传统的进度管理方法由于自身理论的不足,在实际工程应用的过程中暴露出越来越多的问题,导致目前很多项目还是存在成本超支、进度超期、争夺资源等现象。关键链技术作为一种全新的进度管理方法,被认为是近年来进度管理领域的一次重大突破,得到了国内外研究学者的广泛接受和认可。本文在对项目进度管理基本理论知识系统学习的基础上,分析了传统进度管理方法在工程应用中存在的问题,同时在对关键链进度管理方法的发展、隐含假设、基本理论以及工作流程进行深入研究后,分析了如何将关键链技术应用到工程建设项目的进度管理中。因此本文结合工程建设项目的特点,构建了一套适用于工程建设项目的基于关键链技术的进度计划和进度控制模型。在进度计划模型的构建中,首先,本文基于模糊数学理论提出了工期估计的新方法,在一定程度上降低了工期估计的主观性,提高了工期的可靠度；其次,通过采用序偶优化的方法解决了进度计划中的单资源约束问题；再次,将考虑了时间和资源双重限制的关键链代替关键路径成为项目的瓶颈：最后,通过引入任务位置复杂度和风险调节系数优化了缓冲区的计算方法,使得缓冲区大小的设置更加合理化。在进度控制模型的构建中,本文从缓冲区预警触发点及进度监控时点的设定入手进行研究,同时将组织结构与缓冲区预警机制相匹配,最终形成组织分层次管控关键链的项目进度管理形式。最后,结合工程实例对本文构建的模型进行了验证,并且通过采用比较分析的方法将传统进度计划与关键链进度计划进行了对比分析,结果表明,关键链进度管理方法能够准确地识别项目的瓶颈,并且由于缓冲区的设置增加了计划的柔性,因而大大减少了修改计划的次数,有效地保护了进度计划。因此,相比于传统的进度计划方法,本文构建的基于关键链技术的进度计划模型在实际应用中具有明显的优越性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, project management has gradually become a very important subject. Schedule management, as one of its important contents, directly determines whether the project objectives can be achieved, and the key to the success of schedule management is to formulate a scientific and reasonable schedule plan. However, due to the deficiency of its own theory, the traditional schedule management method exposes more and more problems in the process of practical engineering application, which leads to the cost overruns, the overrun of progress and the scramble for resources in many projects at present. As a new method of schedule management, key chain technology is regarded as a major breakthrough in the field of progress management in recent years, which has been widely accepted and recognized by domestic and foreign researchers. On the basis of studying the basic theory knowledge system of project schedule management, this paper analyzes the problems existing in the application of the traditional schedule management method, and at the same time, on the development of the key chain schedule management method, the hypothesis is implied. After deeply studying the basic theory and workflow, this paper analyzes how to apply the key chain technology to the progress management of the construction project. Therefore, according to the characteristics of engineering construction projects, this paper constructs a schedule planning and schedule control model based on key chain technology for engineering construction projects. In the construction of schedule planning model, firstly, based on fuzzy mathematics theory, a new method of time limit estimation is proposed in this paper, which reduces the subjectivity of time limit estimation to some extent and improves the reliability of time limit. The single resource constraint problem in schedule planning is solved by using order pair optimization method. Thirdly, the key chain, which takes into account the dual constraints of time and resources, becomes the bottleneck of the project instead of the critical path. The calculation method of buffer is optimized by introducing task location complexity and risk adjustment coefficient, which makes the setting of buffer size more reasonable. In the construction of schedule control model, this paper studies the trigger point of buffer warning and the timing of schedule monitoring. At the same time, the organization structure is matched with buffer warning mechanism. Finally, the project schedule management form of key chain of organizational hierarchical control is formed. Finally, the model is verified with engineering examples, and the traditional schedule plan and the key chain schedule are compared and analyzed by using the method of comparative analysis. The results show that, The key chain schedule management method can accurately identify the bottleneck of the project, and because the buffer settings increase the flexibility of the plan, it greatly reduces the number of times to modify the plan and effectively protects the schedule. Therefore, compared with the traditional schedule planning method, the schedule planning model based on the key chain technology has obvious advantages in practical application.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU722

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