民族刻板印象与道德判断的关系研究

发布时间：2018-02-23 11:55

本文关键词： 民族刻板印象道德判断相关关系外群体贬损效应　出处：《四川师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：道德判断(moral judgment)是个体对自己或他人的行为或特性进行评价(好或坏、善或恶、对或错)的过程。以往诸多研究揭示出道德判断的内-外群体效应,并探讨到影响这一内-外群体效应的因素包括性别、亲疏、民族、职业、地域等,尤其是关于判断对象的固有印象。而当判断的对象身份涉及民族时,就会出现比较突出的外群体贬损。更甚者,如果被试对道德判断对象产生了消极刻板印象,则更倾向于认为该对象所做的某些具有负性结果的行为是故意的,则更应该受到惩罚或谴责。将刻板印象与道德判断的关系问题,置于多元文化的背景中探讨,有助于我们理解复杂社会文化情境中的道德判断及行为,也有助于进一步理解道德判断的实质。研究一,通过问卷法,了解当前藏汉大学生的民族刻板印象现状。结果表明:藏汉大学生确实持有民族刻板印象,刻板印象内容包括积极方面和消极方面,且以积极方面的刻板印象为主。研究二,是基于研究一的调查结果采用问卷法,探讨外显民族刻板印象与道德判断的关系。结果表明:外显民族刻板印象与道德判断显著负相关,即被试持有消极民族刻板印象对外群体的道德判断相对宽松,而持有积极民族刻板印象对外群体的道德判断相对严苛。研究三,采用内隐联想测验范式,探讨内隐民族刻板印象与外群体的道德判断的关系。结果表明:内隐民族刻板印象与道德判断显著相关,持有消极民族刻板印象的被试对外群体的道德判断更为严苛,持有积极民族刻板印象的被试对外群体的道德判断更为宽松;民族刻板印象属性的主效应显著,民族身份的主效应及其与民族身份的交互效应均不显著。
[Abstract]:Moral judgment is a process in which an individual evaluates the behavior or characteristics of himself or others (good or bad, good or evil, right or wrong). The factors that influence the effect of internal and external group include gender, affinity, nationality, occupation, region and so on, especially the stereotype of the object of judgment, and when the identity of the judge is related to the nationality, the paper also discusses the factors that influence the effect of the inner and outer group. What's more, if the subjects had a negative stereotype of the object of moral judgment, they were more likely to think that some of the negative behavior done by the object was intentional. The relationship between stereotype and moral judgment should be punished or reprimanded. It is helpful for us to understand moral judgment and behavior in complex social and cultural situations by placing the relationship between stereotype and moral judgment in the context of multiculturalism. It is also helpful to further understand the essence of moral judgment. First, the present situation of ethnic stereotypes of Tibetan and Chinese college students is understood by questionnaire. The results show that Tibetan and Chinese college students do hold national stereotypes. The content of stereotype includes positive and negative aspects, and it is mainly positive stereotype. In the second study, based on the results of study one, the questionnaire method is used. This paper discusses the relationship between explicit national stereotype and moral judgment. The results show that the explicit national stereotype is negatively correlated with moral judgment, that is, the subjects holding negative national stereotype are relatively lenient in their moral judgment. The moral judgment of the foreign group holding positive national stereotype is relatively strict. Third, the implicit association test model is adopted. This paper discusses the relationship between implicit ethnic stereotype and moral judgment of external groups. The results show that implicit ethnic stereotype is significantly related to moral judgment, and the subjects holding negative ethnic stereotype have more severe moral judgment. The moral judgment of the subjects holding positive ethnic stereotype is more relaxed, the main effect of the attribute of national stereotype is significant, the main effect of national identity and its interaction with national identity are not significant.
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B82-02;C955

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