公务员职务晋升过程的公平问题

发布时间：2018-03-11 09:48

本文选题：公务员　切入点：晋升过程　出处：《华东政法大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：公务员作为政府部门职能的具体执行者,他们整体的素质和能力决定了政府的行政绩效,并对人民群众与政府的关系产生直接的影响。公务员职务晋升的目的在于把适合的人放在适合的位置,这关乎公务员的职业生涯与政府人力资源的最优配置,更关系到政府因人才济济而能给人民带来更优质的服务。各种研究均表明,晋升过程的公平性能够增加员工的职业满意度和稳定性,并获得更高的投入热情。然而作为一项重要的激励措施,公务员晋升过程无论是在理论研究还是实际操作中都存在着极大的不足:暗箱操作、考察松懈、信息闭塞、监管薄弱等众多有失公平、公正的问题不仅对公务员人群的工作积极性造成严重打击,还暗藏致使公职人员走向腐败甚至犯罪的严重隐患。此外,在传统干部人事制度的影响下,我国公务员群体深受千百年“官文化”的思想浸染。因此,在公务员管理方面,我国的政府带有一定的中国“特色”。然而,这种色彩却带有历史遗留的病症,并确实在现实中酿成了种种损害。二十一世纪,伴随着人才战略的意识被普及,无论本土民营还是外资企业都竭尽全力竞相争抢优秀人才。事业单位与政府部门的人事改革,也打破了一职定终生的传统局面,并促使越来越多的人才为能尽其所能而自由地流动。因此,政府内部越来越不能适应社会发展需要的陈旧思想和制度急需剔除,建立稳定人才的制度和方法也就迫在眉睫。自中国共产党十八大以来,在全国范围内开展“打虎拍蝇”惩治腐败的空前行动也促成了一系列对公务员群体进行规范、约束的法律条文的发布。如果将政府比作匣子,当阳光照进陈腐的那一刻,在显现尘埃的同时也带来了希望的曙光。因此,与之相关的研究也恰好到了一个极佳的时候。全文分为四个部分,共计六章内容:第一部分为第一章,主要针对题目所涉及的关键概念进行探讨,并就中国特有的历史文化加以概述,为后文的论证进行理论及背景的铺垫;第二部分为第二章及第三章。第二章基于我国的实情,通过对当前公务员职务晋升过程中可能会出现的问题进行预测,并采取对法律政策的变动观察、典型案例的分析、线上及线下问卷调研所获取的第一手数据来对预测问题进行证明。随后,第三章根据对公务员晋升过程中缺失公平的后果假设并结合佐证材料,归纳得出当前我国在制度与人事两个方面对公务员职务晋升过程能够产生危害公平的影响因素;第三部分为第四章与第五章。由第二部分归纳得出的问题,先从横向上对英美两国进行分析,就制度层面上向两国施行的可行性对策进行借鉴。随后,基于本国的特殊国情去追溯根源,从中国历史上探寻能够为今所用的古代良方;第四部分即为第六章。基于前面五章的分析基础上,结合个人实践经历中的所观、所感,进一步归纳并得出针对公务员职务晋升问题与公平有关的见解,以求为完善现行的公务员管理制度提供微薄之力。美国总统约翰·肯尼迪曾在一次记者招待会上说到:“生活并不公平”。当然,这里的不公平指代的是在大量偶然因素影响下的一种概率。这种概率因人而异,且不为人所操作。但是,除去运势之外的因素,还有一部分是能依人为操作而发生改变的,如制度、人事。虽政府改革并非一朝一夕所能达成,但目前我国政府在公务员管理制度中暴露出的诸多问题需要政府落实标准,明确法律条文;大刀阔斧,敢于将企业高效的人才管理之道引入政府;广开言路,打破一言堂的局面,鼓励多方督政;公开透明,打造沟通平台,最新信息实时分享。当然,想做到绝对公平是不可能的,但可以通过优化框架、完善行为,引导结果无限地接近公平,公务员的晋升过程便是如此。
[Abstract]:The specific implementation of the civil service as a government department function, their overall quality and ability determines the government performance, and have a direct impact on the relationship between the people and the government. The civil service promotion aims to put the right people on the appropriate location, which relates to the optimal allocation of civil servants occupation career and government human resources the more in relation to the government for a galaxy of talents can give people bring more quality and service. Various studies have shown that the fairness of the promotion process to increase employee occupation satisfaction and stability, and obtain more enthusiasm. However, as an important incentive, promotion process both in theoretical research and practical in the operation there exists many shortcomings: the black box operation, effects of slack, lack of information, weak supervision and other unfair justice, not only the issue of the public The work enthusiasm of the service population caused serious blow, but also hidden resulting in public officials to corruption crime and even serious problems. In addition, the influence of the traditional cadre personnel system, civil service groups in China for thousands of years by the "official culture" ideas disseminated. Therefore, in the civil service management, our country government with a the China "characteristics". However, this kind of color is a historical condition, and in fact lead to all sorts of damage. In twenty-first Century, along with the talent strategy consciousness is popular, whether private or foreign enterprises to local competing talents. Institutions and government departments of the personnel reform, but also broke the a post set traditional situation in life, and more and more talents to do its utmost to free flow. Therefore, the government can not adapt to social development needs The old ideas and institutions need to establish a stable system and method of eliminating talent is imminent. Since the China Communist Party since eighteen, carry out the "unprecedented action tiger shot flies punish corruption in the country also contributed to a series of civil servants norms, legal provisions of the constraint release. If the government compared to the box at that moment, when the sun shines into the stale, appear in the dust also brought a ray of hope. Therefore, related research also happens to an excellent time. This paper is divided into four parts, a total of six chapters: the first part is the first chapter, discusses the key concepts for the subject, and summarized Chinese unique history and culture, for the argumentation theory and background foundation; the second part is the second chapter and the three chapter. The second chapter is based on the facts of our country, through Prediction of possible current civil service promotion process, and take on legal policy changes, observation, case analysis, questionnaire survey to obtain online and offline first-hand data to prove the prediction problem. Then, the third chapter according to the lack of fair promotion in the process of the consequences if combined with supporting materials, summed up the current China's promotion of civil service positions in the two aspects of the system and the personnel process can produce harmful factors affect the equity; the third part is the fourth chapter and the fifth chapter. It consists of second parts summarized problems, first carries on the analysis to Britain from the horizontal, feasibility countermeasure system to the implementation of reference. Then, based on the particular national conditions to explore the origins of, can be used for the ancient prescription from the China history; the fourth part Is the sixth chapter. Based on the analysis of the above five chapters, combined with personal experience in the view of feeling, further summarized and obtained for civil servants promotion problems and fair ideas about in order to contribute to the consummation of the civil service management system. The current president of the United States John Kennedy said at a press conference the meeting said: "life is not fair." of course, the unfair refers to a probability in a large number of accidental factors. The probability of being It differs from man to man., and operation. However, apart from factors outside of fortune, there is a part in manual operation and change, such as the system, personnel. Although the government reform is not a short duration of time can reach, but the current problems of our government in the civil servant management system exposed the government needs to implement the standard, clear legal provisions; dare to make snap. In the personnel management of the road business efficiently into the government to break the situation; encourage the free airing of views, What I say goes. Duzheng, encourage various; open and transparent, to create a communication platform, the latest information shared in real time. Of course, want to be absolutely fair is not possible, but through the optimization framework, improve the behavior, guide the results infinitely close to the fair. The promotion process of civil servants is so.

【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D630.3

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